Cytosol trafficking is a limiting step of viral infection or DNA delivery. Starting from the cell surface, most viruses have to travel through a crowded and risky environment in order to reach a small nuclear pore. This work is dedicated to estimating the probability pN of a viral arrival success and, in that case, the mean time τN it takes. Viral movement is described by a stochastic equation,...

We investigated the relationships between search efficiency, movement strategy, and non-local communication in the biological context of animal foraging. We considered situations where the members of a population of foragers perform either Gaussian jumps or Lévy flights, and show that the search time is minimized when communication among individuals occurs at intermediate ranges, independently ...

A simple model is devised to show that an enzymatic Brownian particle in a static electric field can undergo directional movement when coupled with a nonequilibrium chemical reaction which the particle catalyzes, if at least one of the intermediate states of the catalytic cycle is charged. The direction of the movement depends not only on the asymmetry of the electric field, but also on the dir...

By studying animal movements, researchers can gain insight into many of the 20 ecological characteristics and processes important for understanding population-level dynamics. 21 We developed a Brownian bridge movement model (BBMM) for estimating the expected 22 movement path of an animal using discrete location data obtained at relatively short time 23 intervals. The BBMM is based on the proper...

We investigated the relationships between search efficiency, movement strategy, and nonlocal communication in the biological context of animal foraging. We considered situations where the members of a population of foragers perform either Gaussian jumps or Lévy flights, and show that the search time is minimized when communication among individuals occurs at intermediate ranges, independently o...

Effective search strategies have evolved in many biological systems, including the immune system. T cells are key effectors of the immune response, required for clearance of pathogenic infection. T cell activation requires that T cells encounter antigen-bearing dendritic cells within lymph nodes, thus, T cell search patterns within lymph nodes may be a crucial determinant of how quickly a T cel...

The rectification of noise into directed movement or useful energy is utilized by many different systems. The peculiar nature of the energy source and conceptual differences between such Brownian motor systems makes a characterization of the performance far from straightforward. In this work, where the Brownian motor consists of atoms interacting with dissipative optical lattices, we adopt exis...

The drag on a cylindrical particle moving in a thin sheet of viscous fluid is calculated. It is supposed that the sheet is embedded in fluid of much lower viscosity. A finite steady drag is obtained, which depends logarithmically on the ratio of the viscosities. The Einstein relation is used to determine the diffusion coefficient for Brownian motion of the particle, with application to the move...