In the present study the bubble behavior in the narrow space are experimentally and numerically examined as the gap between two parallel walls and the position of bubble induction were changed. The main results are as follows. (1) The effects of two parallel walls can be classified by the ratio of the gap between the walls to the maximum bubble radius. If the ratio>5.0 the bubble shape is almos...

Epstein and Plesset's seminal work on the rate of gas bubble dissolution and growth in a simple liquid is generalized to render it applicable to a gas bubble embedded in a soft elastic solid. Both the underlying diffusion equation and the expression for the gas bubble pressure were modified to allow for the non-zero shear modulus of the medium. The extension of the diffusion equation results in...

High-speed photography was used to study the collapse of a confined two-dimensional, air cavity in water, subjected to a propagating pressure disturbance. The 5–6 mm diameter cavity was confined in a rectangular duct. A sustained pressure disturbance was created by an accelerating piston in contact with the water 240 mm away from the bubble. The pressure increased from 0.1 MPa to about 0.12 MPa...

OBJECTIVE Children and adults with type 1 diabetes who receive insulin pump therapy have reported hypoglycemia during air travel. We studied the effects of atmospheric pressure on insulin pump delivery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten insulin pumps were connected to capillary tubes. The effects of changes in ambient pressure on insulin delivery, bubble formation, bubble size, and cartridge pl...

Seismic airguns are commonly used in geophysical exploration. More recently, they are also being used as an alternative to underwater explosions for the shock testing of defence vessels. The study of the dynamics of the bubble produced by a seismic airgun is beneficial in understanding the resultant pressure field and shockwave. The Rayleigh–Plesset and Gilmore equations for modelling spherical...

1. Bullfrogs (Rana catesbiana) and rats have been subjected to high barometric pressures and studied for bubble formation on subsequent decompression to sea level. Pressures varying from 3 to 60 pounds per square inch, in excess of atmospheric pressure, were used. 2. Muscular activity after decompression is necessary for bubble formation in bullfrogs after pressure treatment throughout the abov...

Heterogeneous bubble nucleation at surfaces has been notorious because of its irreproducibility. Here controlled multibubble surface cavitation is achieved by using a hydrophobic surface patterned with microcavities. The expansion of the nuclei in the microcavities is triggered by a fast lowering of the liquid pressure. The procedure allows us to control and fix the bubble distance within the b...

A model for bubble formation from a single submerged orifice is developed using the boundary-integral method. Since the flow field is assumed to be irrotational, potential-flow theory is used to predict the growth of the bubble. The effects of the surface tension and the liquid circulation around the bubble are included in the calculation. Predictions of bubble shape, chamber pressure and the e...

Two-phase bubble formation coupled with phase change at a submerged nozzle is studied theoretically. The whole bubble consists of a ®apor and a liquid phase. The inner ®apor phase is assumed to be surrounded by a thin condensate layer, in which the ®apor condenses partially as the two-phase bubble grows. The interface element approach is applied to describe the dynamics of bubble formation. The...