Objective: This report aimed to add our knowledge on the clinical features, diagnosis and management of ring chromosome 15 syndrome. Methods: Case report and literatures review. Results: A 4.5-year-old girl was admitted to our unit because of short stature. She was 86 cm in height and 9 kg in weight. Physical examination showed sparse temporal hair, right simian crease, fifth finger clinodactyl...

RAS/MAPK pathway germline mutations were described in Rasopathies, a class of rare genetic syndromes combining facial abnormalities, heart defects, short stature, skin and genital abnormalities, and mental retardation. The majority of the mutations identified in the Rasopathies are point mutations which increase RAS/MAPK pathway signaling. Duplications encompassing RAS/MAPK pathway genes (PTPN1...

background: mccune albright syndrome is rare with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 1,000,000 persons. the classical clinical triad consists of fibrous dysplasia of the bone, café-au-lait skin spots and precocious puberty. however, in rare cases, there may be primary hypogonadism and amenorrhea. case presentation: an eighteen-year-old female presented with amenorrhea. she had a sh...

Several of the anatomic malformations are difficult to diagnose. A group of population has characteristic anatomic changes but even in this group the diagnosis may not be considered, if one or more of the major features are present. The Johanson-Blizzard syndrome has distinctive craniofacial changes that should be easily recognized. It is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by typica...

Ten patients with multiple non-ossifying fibromata are reported. All had associated extraskeletal congenital anomalies such as café-au-lait spots, mental retardation, hypogonadism or cryptorchidism, ocular anomalies or cardiovascular malformations. The radiographic picture and the distribution of the skeletal lesions are characteristic and constant. There are lucent areas in the shaft with a sc...

We report a rare association of Turner syndrome with both Neurofibromatosis type I and Tuberous Sclerosis. The patient had XOkaryotype with Turners stigmata and also had features of Neurofibromatosis 1 in the form of significant café-au-lait spots and Plexiform neurofibroma along with typical features of Tuberous Sclerosis complex. Pedigree analysis revealed that the elder brother of the proban...

Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is caused by heterozygous germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes and is a highly penetrant autosomal dominant condition. A novel childhood cancer syndrome caused by biallelic germline MMR gene mutations and characterized by brain tumors, leukemias, gastrointestinal (GI) polyposis, GI cancer and café-au-lait spots (CALS) has been described. We re...

Segmental neurofibromatosis or type V neurofibromatosis is a rare genodermatosis characterized by neurofibromas, café-au-lait spots and neurofibromas limited to a circumscribed body region. The disease may be associated with systemic involvement and malignancies. The disorder has not been reported yet in the Polish medical literature. A 63-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 20-year histo...

Sir Frederick Treves first showed Joseph Merrick, the famous Elephant Man, to the Pathological Society of London in 1884. A diagnosis of neurofibromatosis was suggested in 1909 and was widely accepted. There is no evidence, however, of café au lait spots or histological proof of neurofibromas. It is also clear that Joseph Merrick's manifestations were much more bizarre than those commonly seen ...