Trofik merupakan tingkatan yang menggambarkan cara suatu spesies memperoleh energi dari lingkungan. Jalur perpindahan trofik satu ke lain dikenal sebagai rantai makanan kemudian saling menjalin menjadi jaring-jaring makanan. Dalam makalah ini dibahas pemodelan matematika dua pada pemangsa generalis, yaitu dapat memakan beberapa jenis mangsa. Model dikembangkan berdasarkan model mangsa Lotka-Vol...

The adoption of agroforestry system aims to combine food production enhancement compensate population growth with the improvement agricultural marketable products increase household income. diversification crop requires more effective land use. In Gunungkidul, high-density teak (Tectona grandis) plantation has dominated many private forests. area under tree crown received low light intensity, w...

The Zingiberales is an order of tropical monocots that exhibits diverse floral morphologies. The evolution of petaloid, laminar stamens, staminodes, and styles contributes to this diversity. The laminar style is a derived trait in the family Cannaceae and plays an important role in pollination as its surface is used for secondary pollen presentation. Previous work in the Zingiberales has implic...

Animals can discriminate among many different types of foods. This discrimination process involves multiple sensory systems, but the sense of taste is known to play a central role. We asked how the taste system contributes to the discrimination of different "bitter" taste stimuli in Manduca sexta caterpillars. This insect has approximately eight bilateral pairs of taste cells that respond selec...

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a complex bone disorder with a genetic predisposition, and is a cause of health problems worldwide. In China, Curculigo orchioides (CO) has been widely used as a herbal medicine in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. However, research on the mechanism of action of CO is still lacking. The aim of this study was to identify the absorbable components, potential...