The balance between photosynthesis and plant respiration in tropical forests may substantially affect the global carbon cycle. Woody tissue CO2 efflux is a major component of total plant respiration, but estimates of ecosystem-scale rates are uncertain because of poor sampling in the upper canopy and across landscapes. To overcome these problems, we used a portable scaffolding tower to measure ...

With the increasing volume demand of silos, silo diameters are bigger and bigger. However, present wall pressure computation methods are mostly based on small diameter silos. There is little system research on large diameter silos. To solve this problem, systematical research by three-dimensional finite element method on large diameter silos was carried out in this paper. Static wall pressure a...

by determining normal ranges of spinal canal diameters we can make early diagnosis in persons who have lower diameters of spinal canal. these persons are predisposed to spinal canal stenosis that is a major cause of spinal radiculopathies. in different studies performed in several countries, minimum and maximum ranges of spinal canal diameters were different for each population. in this study, ...

Canopy gaps are one of the most important structural features of forest ecosystems, and studying of them can have useful results and implications for forest management. The aim of this study is investigation of characteristics and regeneration within canopy gaps in an intact beech stand in the Shastkalateh Experimental Forest of Hyrcanian region, north of Iran. All canopy gaps and related fores...

This paper is devoted to the fast and exact diameter computation in graphs with n vertices and m edges, if the diameter is a large fraction of n. We give an optimal O(m+n) time algorithm for diameters above n/2. The problem changes its structure at diameter value n/2, as large cycles may be present. We propose a randomized O(m + n logn) time algorithm for diameters above (1/3 + )n for constant ...

Background: Estimating dosimetric parameters for small fields under non-reference conditions leads to significant errors if done based on conventional protocols used for large fields in reference conditions. Hence, further correction factors have been introduced to take into account the influence of spectral quality changes when various detectors are used in non-reference conditions at differen...

Below-canopy UAVs hold promise for automated forest surveys because their sensors can provide detailed information on below-canopy structures, especially in dense forests, which may be inaccessible to above-canopy UAVs, aircraft, and satellites. We present an end-to-end autonomous system estimating tree diameters using a UAV parklands. used simultaneous localization mapping (SLAM) LiDAR data pr...

Abstract. Measurements of size-resolved aerosol concentration and fluxes were made in a forest the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) Alberta, Canada, August 2021 with aim investigating (a) particle size distributions from different sources, (b) deposition velocities, (c) rate vertical mixing canopy. Particle attributed to sources determined by wind direction. Air mixed smokestack plumes oil san...