A wide range of networked systems exhibit highly connected nodes (hubs) as prominent structural elements. The functional roles of hubs in the collective nonlinear dynamics of many such networks, however, are not well understood. Here, we propose that hubs in neural circuits may activate local signal transmission along sequences of specific subnetworks. Intriguingly, in contrast to previous sugg...

In this article a capacitated transportation problem is considered which is formulated as a multi objective capacitated transportation problem with mixed constraints. To determine the optimum compromise solution of multi objective capacitated transportation problem (MOCTP) with mixed constraints a Fuzzy multi objective programming approach has been applied in which we use three different forms ...

Hubs are network components that hold positions of high importance for network function. Previous research has identified hubs in human brain networks derived from neuroimaging data; however, there is little consensus on the localization of such hubs. Moreover, direct evidence regarding the role of various proposed hubs in network function (e.g., cognition) is scarce. Regions of the default mod...

Hubs are highly connected proteins in a protein-protein interaction network. Previous work has implicated disordered domains and high surface charge as the properties significant in the ability of hubs to bind multiple proteins. While conformational flexibility of disordered domains plays an important role in the binding ability of large hubs, high surface charge is the dominant property in sma...

BACKGROUND Earlier studies demonstrated that macrophages phagocytize spermatozoa in the female genital tract of mammals. In spite of this phagocytosis, fecundity is not affected, raising questions of how the resulting decrease in the number of spermatozoa does not reduce the fertilization rate and of the role of this phagocytosis. We hypothesized that its role is to rid the female genital tract...

In this paper an uncapacitated multiple allocation p-hub median problem is discussed. The model minimizes the transportation cost based on inventory service level at hubs through double paths between hubs. Inventory service level is defined as the percent of inventory shortage of vehicles at hubs according to passengers demand and replenishment time of vehicles. A real data from 25 nodes of mun...

Given a graph G together with a capacity function c : V (G) → N, we call S ⊆ V (G) a capacitated dominating set if there exists a mapping f : (V (G) \ S) → S which maps every vertex in (V (G) \S) to one of its neighbors such that the total number of vertices mapped by f to any vertex v ∈ S does not exceed c(v). In the Planar Capacitated Dominating Set problem we are given a planar graph G, a ca...

Brain networks or 'connectomes' include a minority of highly connected hub nodes that are functionally valuable, because their topological centrality supports integrative processing and adaptive behaviours. Recent studies also suggest that hubs have higher metabolic demands and longer-distance connections than other brain regions, and therefore could be considered biologically costly. Assuming ...

Functional hubs are brain regions that play a crucial role in facilitating communication among parallel, distributed brain networks. The developmental emergence and stability of hubs, however, is not well understood. The current study used measures of network topology drawn from graph theory to investigate the development of functional hubs in 99 participants, 10-20 years of age. We found that ...