Publishers of scholarly journals currently obtain most of their revenue from subscription fees charged to libraries and individual users. We call this the " reader-pays " pricing model. An alternative pricing method has recently emerged, in which publishers collect their revenue by charging significant publication fees to authors, and then supply their content over the internet, at no cost to r...

Echostar and DirecTV, the two primary Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) companies serving the US, claim that efficiencies from their proposed merger would result from the redeployment of transmission capacity to avoid signal duplication. Currently, both companies use transmission capacity to deliver most of same television channels to many US cities. In particular, they both transmit the local p...

This paper addresses the possibility of capacity withholding by energy producers, who seek to increase the market price and their own profits. The energy market is simulated as an iterative game, where each state game corresponds to an hourly energy auction with uniform pricing mechanism. The producers are modeled as agents that interact with their environment through reinforcement learning (RL...

Online information servers that provide access to diverse databases where users can search for, browse through, and download the information they need have been rapidly increasing in number in the past few years. Online vendors have traditionally charged users for information on the based on the length of the time they were connected to the databases. With hardware and software advances, many o...

With the increasing maturity of the cloud computing market, specifically in the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) domain, adequate pricing of services has become a crucial success factor for providers. In this work, we take a threefold approach to examine the current situation concerning pricing in the IaaS market. Based on an initial literature review, we find that pay-as-you-go pricing is pe...

Novel online file sharing technologies have created new market dynamics and posed a great challenge to the music industry to try and retain customers. Consumers have created anonymous online networks to exchange audio files at little cost, which has led to millions of shared, illegal copies of music files and related sales losses to the industry. Legal efforts to counter this trend have lagged ...

Both content quality and market coverage have significant impacts on a network content provider’s revenue. In this paper, we present a preliminary study on how providers’ cooperation and adoption of special content can affect the content quality and market coverage. We first consider a baseline case, where providers have static contents and do not cooperate. We derive the providers’ coverages b...

Abstract The television broadcasting industry is of crucial economic and social importance. Traditionally, this has been dominated by free-to-air TV (FTV) but due to technological progress, subscription-based pay (PTV) emerged as a competing business model. A key question for the PTV broadcasters whether air commercials in addition charging subscription fees. Based on theoretical model asymmetr...

Spain is the third-largest producer of pork meat in world, and many farms several regions depend on evolution this market. However, current pricing system unfair, as some actors have better market information than others. In context, historical an easy-to-find affordable data source that can help all agents to be informed. time lag acquisition affect their decisions. paper, we study effect dela...

Rising feed-in from renewable energy sources decreases margins, load factors, and thereby profitability of conventional generation in several electricity markets around the world. At the same time, conventional generation is still needed to ensure security of electricity supply. Therefore, capacity markets are currently being widely discussed as a measure to ensure generation adequacy in market...