introduction: deep sternal wound infection is a rare but serious complication after cardiac surgery that can increase mortality and morbidity. the aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and causative germs of deep sternal wound infection following cardiac surgery.   methods: data were collected retrospectively from patients who underwent different cardiac surgeries including coronar...

  Introduction: Deep sternal wound infection is a rare but serious complication after cardiac surgery that can increase mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and causative germs of deep sternal wound infection following cardiac surgery.   Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from patients who underwent different cardiac surgeries includ...

T he cardiovascular system is the first organ system to form and function in the developing embryo. In the early stages the heart is a slow conducting, single tubular structure generating an even peristaltic contraction. During embryogenesis it then develops into a four chambered heart with synchronous contraction for a dual circulation. These synchronous contractions of the atrial and ventricu...

The heart begins simply as a bilateral field within the lateral plate mesoderm (Figure 1.1, Table 1.1). As the early embryo undergoes formation of the gut-tube, these bilateral fields migrate toward the midline, where the cranial-most aspect of the fields will fuse ventrally to form the outer curvature of the heart tube.1 These fields will continue to migrate together, with more of the heart fi...

Mechanical forces are essential contributors to and unavoidable components of cardiac formation, both inducing and orchestrating local and global molecular and cellular changes. Experimental animal studies have contributed substantially to understanding the mechanobiology of heart development. More recent integration of high-resolution imaging modalities with computational modeling has greatly ...

The heart is the first organ to form during embryogenesis and its circulatory function is critical from early on for the viability of the mammalian embryo. Developmental abnormalities of the heart have also been widely recognized as the underlying cause of many congenital heart malformations. Hence, the developmental mechanisms that orchestrate the formation and morphogenesis of this organ have...