Current literature reveals three types of paroxysmal atrioventricular block (AVB) that can cause syncope: Intrinsic paroxysmal atrioventricular block is due to an intrinsic disease of the AV conduction system; this type of "cardiac syncope" is also called Stokes-Adams attack; Extrinsic vagal paroxysmal atrioventricular block is linked to the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on cardi...

Deglutition syncope has been demonstrated in isolated case reports, the first being described over 50 years ago. It is thought to be caused by a hypersensitive vagotonic reflex in response to esophageal dilation after swallowing. It can cause syncope due to complete atrioventricular (AV) block and acute reduction of cardiac output. Although rare, its lethality is worthy of discussion, as early ...

OBJECTIVE To determine if serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration distinguishes between cardiogenic syncope and collapsing dogs presenting with either generalized epileptic seizures (both with and without cardiac disease) or vasovagal syncope. ANIMALS Seventy-nine prospectively recruited dogs, grouped according to aetiology of collapse: generalized epileptic seizures (group E), cardioge...

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a familial cardiac arrhythmia that is related to RYR2 or CASQ2 gene mutation. It occurs in patients with structurally normal heart and causes exercise-emotion triggered syncope and sudden cardiac death. We present a 13 year-old girl with recurrent episodes of exercise-related syncope and prior history of sudden death in a first degree rel...

Syncope is a condition often misdiagnosed as epilepsy. Syncope caused by cardiac disturbance is a life-threatening condition and accurate diagnosis is crucial for patient outcome. We present a case study of a 71-year-old woman who was referred to our epilepsy centre with a diagnosis of refractory epilepsy. We diagnosed convulsive syncope caused by malignant cardiac arrhythmia based on the prese...

Clin. Pract. (2014) 11(3), 265–268 ISSN 2044-9038 part of Syncope is very common, with the overall incidence for first syncope being 6.2 per 1000 patient years, increasing to 20 in females aged over 80 years [1]. Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is by far the most common cause, explaining over 20% of cases, with an underlying cardiac cause in 10% of cases and up to 37% of cases remaining unexplained [1]...

Background. Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) frequently have arrhythmias and hemodynamic abnormalities and are prone to sudden death and syncope. An important need exists for improved risk stratification and definition of appropriate investigation and therapy. Methods and Results. The relation of31 clinical, Holter, cardiac catheterization, and electrophysiological (EP) variables...

BACKGROUND Right atrial myxoma accounts for 15-20% of cardiac myxomas and syncope is a very rare manifestation. We present the case of an 89-year-old man with right atrial myxoma and syncope, and discuss the role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of myxomas. CASE REPORT An 89-year-old man with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, chronic kidney disease stage 4...

UNLABELLED Cardiac amyloidosis is an uncommon disease that is rarely diagnosed clinically. In this study, we present a case of a 63-year-old man with recurrent syncope and elevated troponin I levels. The patient's coronary angiography showed no significant stenosis. An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was implanted into the patient due to episodes of ventricular tachycardia. The diagnosis...

AIMS The prevalence of focal neurology (FN) as a consequence of syncope is unknown. The aim of the study was to determine its prevalence, risk factors and short-term consequences. METHODS A consecutive sample of syncope-unit attendees during a 9-month period had detailed diagnostic syncope evaluation as per European Cardiac Society guidelines coupled with assessment for FN present during sync...