Klebs (12) reported in 1914 that the growth of beach, oak, ash, and hornbeam could be maintained even in winter if they were placed under continuous electric light. Since Klebs' report on the effect of day length on the growth of woody plants, there have been many studies pertaining to photoperiodism and dormancy in woody plants. They were amply reviewed by Samish (21), Wareing (24,26), and Nit...

As they descend, the autorotating seeds of maples and some other trees generate unexpectedly high lift, but how they attain this elevated performance is unknown. To elucidate the mechanisms responsible, we measured the three-dimensional flow around dynamically scaled models of maple and hornbeam seeds. Our results indicate that these seeds attain high lift by generating a stable leading-edge vo...

The evolution of laws on the use of biocide products has led to important changes in the field of wood preservation leading to an increasing interest for non “biocidal treatments” like thermal or chemical modifications. While thermal modifications become more and more common on industrial scale, development of chemical modifications progresses slowly. One reason for the challenges encountered i...