Rosin, an abundant raw material from pine trees, was used as a starting material directly for the synthesis of rosin acid starch. The esterification reaction was catalyzed by lipase (Novozym 435) under mild conditions. Based on single factor experimentation, the optimal esterification conditions were obtained as follows: rosin acid/anhydrous glucose unit in the molar ratio 2:1, reaction time 4 ...

Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch from natural sources finds potential application in commercial production of alcoholic beverage and bioethanol. In this study the effect of starch concentration, temperature, time and enzyme concentration were studied and optimized for hydrolysis of cassava (Manihot esculenta) starch powder (of mesh 80/120) into glucose syrup by immobilized (using Polyacrylamide g...

The effects of sucrose on the physical properties of cassava starch aqueous systems were investigated at varied concentrations of cassava starch (5-15% w/w) and sucrose (0-40% w/w). The peak viscosity and the final viscosity during a gelatinization-retrogradation cycle were determined based on a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) test. Sucrose generally increased the viscosity values, while such increm...

Cassava is planted each year in about 120,000 hectares of agricultural land in the Philippines, producing about 1.8 million tonnes of cassava roots. Principal products of the processing industry are food, dried chips and starch. As a traded commodity, however, cassava contributes only about 2% to gross value-adding in agriculture. The following factors favor the expansion of the industry: a) tr...

The disintegrant potential of native starches of five new cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) varieties developed by the Crops Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG) was studied in paracetamol tablet formulations. The yield of the starches ranged from 8.0 to 26.7%. The starches were basic (pH: 8.1-9.9), with satisfactory moisture content (≤15%), swelling capacity (≥20%), ash values (<1%), flow prop...

Gelatin extracted from the skin of the flying gurnard (Dactylopterus volitans L,) was characterised and its interaction with cassava starch mixtures of different ratio concentrations was investigated by rheology and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Protein and moisture were the main proximate composition, whilst glycine was the main amino acid. The gelatin had high bloom (275 g) strengt...

Lactobacillus plantarum A6, isolated from fermented cassava, can break down cassava raw starch that has not been subjected to preliminary physicochemical treatment. When the pH was kept at 6, the microorganism cultured in a bioreactor excreted a high alpha-amylase activity (60 U/ml). Synthesis of the enzyme occurred during the stationary phase and resulted in full hydrolysis of the cassava star...

Vietnam produces annually more than 2 million tonnes of cassava fresh roots and is ranked 13 in terms of cassava production in the world. In Vietnam cassava has great potential both for domestic consumption and for export. In North Vietnam, cassava is grown for food and animal feed by small farmer households. However, in South Vietnam cassava has become a cash crop and is an important raw mater...

Sour cassava starch (Polvilho azedo) is obtained from a spontaneous fermentation conducted by microorganisms from raw materials and fermentation tanks. This product is traditionally used in the baking industry for the manufacture of biscuits and Brazilian cheese breads. However, the end of fermentation is evaluated empirically, and the process occurs without standardization, which results in pr...

Storage roots of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a major subsistence crop of sub-Saharan Africa, are calorie rich but deficient in essential micronutrients, including provitamin A β-carotene. In this study, β-carotene concentrations in cassava storage roots were enhanced by co-expression of transgenes for deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and bacterial phytoene synthase (crtB), me...