Unitary current/voltage relationships of background Cl channels of rat hippocampal neurons were determined for varied gradients and absolute concentrations of NaCl. The channels revealed permeabilities for both Cl and Na ions. A hyperlinear increase of unitary conductance, observed for a symmetrical increase of salt concentration from 300 and 600 mM, indicated a multi-ion permeation mechanism. ...

Abstract In this study, the influence of varying temperatures on transport behavior conservative solutes in heterogeneous porous media has been investigated. Column flow experiments employing potassium bromide as tracer were conducted at four temperature levels (3°C, 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C) measured electrical conductivity (EC) signal was interpreted through inverse modeling. Additional performed...

Microdroplets show unique chemistry, especially in their intrinsic redox properties, and to this we here add a case of simultaneous spontaneous oxidation reduction. We report the concurrent conversions several phosphonates phosphonic acids by reduction (R?P ? H?P) pentavalent phosphoric oxidation. The experimental results suggest that active reagent is water radical cation/anion pair. cation ob...

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C(7)H(10)N(+)·Br(-), comprises two 2,6-dimethyl-pyridinium cations and two bromide anions. One cation and one anion are situated in general positions, while the other cation and the other anion lie on a crystallographic mirror plane parallel to (010). Each pair of ions inter-act via N-H⋯Br and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonding, generating motifs depending on the cat...

Anion exchanger 1 (AE1) is encoded by SLC4A1 and mediates electroneutral anion exchange across cell membranes. It is the most abundant protein in the red cell membrane, but it is also found in the basolateral membrane of renal alpha-intercalated cells, where it is required for normal urinary acidification. Recently, four point mutations in red cell AE1 have been described that convert the anion...

IN THE TITLE SALT [SYSTEMATIC NAME: 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanaminium 2,4,6-tri-nitro-phenolate], C6H12N3 (+)·C6H2N3O7 (-), there are five independent cation-anion pairs (A, B, C, D, E) in the asymmetric unit. In the cation, the ammonium group is protonated with the amino-propyl group nearly at right angles to the mean plane of the imidazole ring showing C-N-C-C torsion angles ranging from 79.6...

Steady-state rates of potassium ion and sodium ion absorption by excised barley roots accompanied by various anions were compared with the rates of anion absorption and the concomitant H(+) and base release by the roots. The cation absorption rates were found to be independent of the identities, concentrations, and rates of absorption of the anions of the external solution, including bicarbonat...

a new proton transfer compound, formulated as (hamp-6-pic)(hpyzd) ∙h2o (1), has been synthesized from the reaction of pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (h2pyzd)  and 2-amino-6-methyl pyridine (amp-6-pic), in 1:1 molar ratio. extensive o−h×××o, n−h×××n and o−h×××o hydrogen bonds involving (hamp-6-pic)+ cation, (hpyzd)- anion and co-crystal water molecule٫ static electronic٫ and π…π stacking interac...

The title compound, [Na(C(18)H(36)N(2)O(6))]ClO(4), was isolated and crystallized to understand more fully the ligand's binding specificity to cations. The cation and anion reside at an inter-section of crystallographic twofold and threefold axes. The carbon atoms in the cation are disordered over two positions in a 3:2 ratio, and the anion is equally disordered over two positions. The geometri...

The anion-cation interactions are optimized against the experimentally determined solution activity derivative at 2.5 m. This property directly depends on ion-ion interactions, thus making it an excellent target for parameterization. We opt for this indirect approach because directly parameterizing anion-cation interactions from quantum mechanical calculations is not feasible, as described belo...