Over the last 10-15 years, prognosis of patients with follicular lymphoma has improved, and for majority patients, is a chronic disease ten years overall survival around 80%. Nevertheless, certain subset belongs to high-risk early relapses progressive disease, poor outcomes, much shorter survival, there still no standard approach in treatment lymphoma. Treatment highly heterogeneous, ranging fr...

For decades, treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been based on chemotherapy. This changed when the first CD20 antibody rituximab was introduced. Since 2008, the combination of chemotherapy and CD20 antibodies has become the standard of care for most patients, and a significant fraction of patients had very long-lasting remissions after chemoimmunotherapy. Despite the improvement...

The aggressive lymphomas are potentially curable. The natural history of certain aggressive lymphomas has been altered by monoclonal antibody therapy. Targeted monoclonal antibody therapy to the CD20 antigen has altered the outcome of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in patients of all ages. Anti-CD20–based radioimmunoconjugates are being evaluated as radioimmunotherapy approaches in...

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by natural killer (NK) lymphocytes eliminates cells infected with viruses. Anti-viral ADCC requires three components: (1) antibody; (2) effector the Fc-IgG receptor CD16A; and (3) viral proteins in cell membranes. Fc-afucosylated antibodies bind greater affinity to CD16A than fucosylated antibodies; individuals’ variation afucosylation contri...

The anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) rituximab is the most widely used therapeutic antibody for B-cell malignancies. However, approximately 50% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) patients respond to treatment with this antibody. Novel humanized antibodies target membrane CD20 with enhanced effector properties should improve treatment for a broader patient population with relapsed and...

BACKGROUND Rituximab, a mouse Fab and human Fc chimeric antibody, has been widely used to treat Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). However, only 48% of patients respond to the treatment and complete response rate is below 10%. Also, immunogenicity was reported in 17-20% patients receiving the treatment, making it unsuitable for long term diseases such as autoimmune disorders. It has been a hot resea...

Two novel engineered antibody fragments binding to antigen CD20 were generated by fusing a murine IgM-type anti-CD20 single-chain Fv fragment (scFv) to the human IgG1 CH2 (i.e., Cgamma2) and CH3 (i.e., Cgamma3) domains with the human IgG1 hinge (i.e. Hgamma). Given the relationship between structure and function of protein, the 3-D structures of the two engineered antibody fragments were modele...

CD20 is a cell-surface marker of normal and malignant B cells. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, has improved the treatment of malignant lymphomas. Therapeutic CD20 antibodies are classified as either type I or II based on different mechanisms of killing malignant B cells. To reveal the molecular basis of this distinction, we fine-mapped the epitopes recognized by both types. We ...

B-cells play an important role in the diagnosis and to some extent the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. Specific B-cell directed antibodies are now gaining an increasing role in the management of these diseases. The first antibody target in this regard was CD20, with the development and introduction of rituximab in the management of B-cell malignancies as well as rheumatoid arthritis. ...