Citizen participation and empowerment are critical sustainability elements. One increasingly popular form of citizen participation is collaborative-environmental management (CEM). This approach has been described as a new way of governing for environmental issues, an alternative to government-centered processes, that empowers stakeholders and citizens to play a dominant role in planning and dec...

A fundamental requirement for making sustainable improvements to rural infrastructure is a clear understanding of who will finance maintenance and capital improvements. In the past the question of financing rural roads has centered primarily on the role of governments. Given the acute scarcity of financial and human resources in most developing countries, there are simply too many kilometers of...

In 2000, an evaluation of Iranian elementary education revealed that it did not successfully prepare students for the future. The failure was attributed to the teacher centered, content-oriented education system. In 2001, the Iranian Ministry of Education began a pilot project that introduced an alternative curriculum, known as “Global Education,” with UNICEF’s participation. Global education, ...

This paper is focused on the assessment of acceptability solar energy as an alternate efficient management option using Agglomerative Hierarchy Cluster (AHC) and logistic regression modelling approach. The study population includes randomly selected shop-owners residential occupants within Port Harcourt city in Rivers State, Nigeria. collected data sets were subjected to AHC analysis a statisti...

New modeling approaches appeared in the last decade centered on the premise that process structures in data-intensive landscapes are pushed by dependencies observed at the data level. However, as these approaches answer to reduced subsets of all data-related needs, they have a limited practical impact [12]. This work defines a set of data-based requirements to model responsive systems, studies ...

the purpose of this research is determination of the effectiveness  of child-centered play therapy on internalizing problems in children. for this purpose, 30 students who had behavioral problems were identified by interviewing with parent and were evaluated by using the child behavior checklist (cbcl). among them, 10 students gain score above of cutoff point. finally, 5 students accidentally w...

Government websites are the repository of information where citizens can timely access substantial and reliable information. It is normal to find antagonism between formulators users e-government virtual services (EGS). This study designed assess quality provided by Pakistani government websites. Data collected from 278 university graduates using simple random sampling technique. Results Smart ...