The brachial plexus is formed by the union of the ventral rami of the inferior four cervical (C5-C8) and first thoracic (T1) nerves (Figure 1). The C5 nerve usually receives a small contribution from the fourth-cervical nerve and the T1 nerve normally receives one from the second thoracic nerve. The brachial plexus supplies cutaneous and muscular innervation to the upper limb(s) and any injury ...

Study Design Literature review. Objective The purpose of this study is to compile and review the body of literature related to kinetic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI) of the cervical spine. Methods A review of literature related to kMRI was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results We included 16 prospective and retrospecti...

lence of between 5% and 18%. Only a minority of the patients with osteoarthritis of the atlantoaxial joints become symptomatic and suffer from severe suboccipital pain. Most often, these patients can be successfully treated using conservative methods. However, some of these patients require surgical treatment (1). To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on abnormality of the ve...

The causes of brachial plexus palsy in neonates should be classified according to their most salient associated feature. The causes of brachial plexus palsy are obstetrical brachial plexus palsy, familial congenital brachial plexus palsy, maternal uterine malformation, congenital varicella syndrome, osteomyelitis involving the proximal head of the humerus or cervical vertebral bodies, exostosis...

BACKGROUND Electroacupuncture (EA) is widely applied to treat neuropathic pain. Brachial plexus neuralgia (BPN) is a common form of chronic persistent pain. Few studies have evaluated the analgesic effects and mechanism of EA using the novel animal model of BPN. OBJECTIVE To observe the curative effects of repeated EA on curing BPN induced by administration of cobra venom to the lower trunk o...

The brachial plexus is a complex anatomical structure that links the cervical spine with muscles and dermatomes of the arm. An expert neurodiagnostic system, PlexusDx, has been developed to assist in the diagnosis of brachial plexus legions. This is part of a larger neuro-diagnostic system called Neurobridge. Benchmarks for lesions of the plexus were created and tested against diagnoses of vari...

BACKGROUND Pain after thyroid surgery is of moderate intensity and short duration. Bilaterally superficial cervical plexus block (BSCPB) may reduce analgesic requirements. However, its effectiveness in decreasing pain after thyroidectomy is debated. METHODS This double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study in 100 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy evaluates the effects of BSCPB done...

BACKGROUND Bilateral superficial cervical block during thyroid surgery can reduce postoperative pain but its value is unclear. This randomized clinical trial assessed the efficacy of such regional anaesthesia on postoperative pain after thyroid surgery performed under general anaesthesia. METHODS Patients undergoing thyroid surgery were randomized to one of four groups in a double-blind fashi...