Unilateral phrenic nerve paralysis is a rare complication of cervico-mediastinal goitre. It occurs when adhesions grow between the intrathoracic part of the thyroid and the nerve, specially where the goitre enters the mediastinum behind the first rib. The damage may be caused by strain of the nerve due to the descent of the goitre into the chest or may be caused by the surgical manoeuvres durin...

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal pain in the low back and neck-shoulder regions is a major problem among the working population all over the world. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain is found to be higher among women. Women also have lower pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) than men. Pressure pain topography aims at mapping the spatial distribution of PPT within a muscle in an attempt to track chang...

Numbers of cells, of mitotic figures, and of degeneration sites have been counted in dorsal root ganglia and ventral horns during the development of the opossum, from embryonic to pouch-young stages. Tn the embryo, from forelimb bud stages onwards, the cervico-brachialganglia growrapidly, at first with very high mitotic rates (about 5 %) and little cell degeneration. One day before birth, cell ...

INTRODUCTION In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of intrauterine devices (IUDs) on cervico-vaginal colonization. METHODOLOGY Cervico-vaginal samples of 96 patients with vaginal discharge were included in the study. Microscopic evaluation, bacteriological and fungal culture, and antigen testing for Chlamydia trachomatis using an immunochromatographic test method were performed. RES...

BACKGROUND Leiomyomas are the most common benign tumours of the uterus. The diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of prolapsed pedunculated submucous myoma may need vaginal access compromising sometimes the hymenal integrity. Laparoscopic management of a pedunculated submucous myoma in a Middle Eastern virgin patient is described as a safe alternative. CASE A 20-year-old, nulliparous virgin wom...