During the contraction of the heart from the heart along the walls of the blood vessels, a wave of pressure propagates, which is called a pulse wave. As the wave moves away from the heart, this wave gradually weakens and practically fades in the capillaries. The speed of the pulse wave propagation depends on many factors, among which, for example, the elastic-viscous properties of the vessel wa...

The heart is a heterogeneous tissue composed of several cell types tailored for specialized functions. We found that intracellular channels also exhibit regional specialization. In cardiac and skeletal muscle these channels are called the calcium-release channel and are identified by activation with either calcium or caffeine and inhibition by the hexavalent cation ruthenium red. The calcium-re...

In this study, a periodic zigzag channel with rectangular cross-section has been used in order to obtain a high-efficiency system for cooling a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. An appropriate function of fuel cells and enhancement of their lifetime require uniform temperature conditions of around 80°C. On the other hand, due to volume and weight constraints, a low-density compact heat exchanger i...

The turbulent flow through a plane channel bounded by single permeable wall is considered; this problem of interest since carefully chosen distribution grains and voids in the porous medium can result skin friction reduction for channel. In homogenization approach followed here, not resolved layer, but an effective velocity boundary condition developed (and later enforced) at virtual interface ...

doruntash ancient city )tchoghazanbil( was built about13 th century b.c and middle period of elam civilization. as a complex ,doruntash was protected by three concentrated walls which are named: inner wall, middle wall and outer wall .big ziggurat ,mausoleums and palaces are some of the must monuments of the ancient city .tchoghazanbil is also famous for its water technologies and water element...

The aim of this paper is to enhance thermal performance of a microchannel heat sink by using nanoencapsulated phase change material (NEPCM) slurry as a cooling fluid instead of pure fluid. A threedimensional model of a circular channel using water slurry of NEPCM was developed. The results show a significant reduction in the mean fluid temperature along the channel and heat sink wall temperatu...

We derive an exact solution for Stokes flow in a channel with permeable walls. At the channel walls, the normal component of the fluid velocity is described by Darcy’s law, and the tangential component of the fluid velocity is described by the no slip condition. The pressure exterior to the channel is assumed to be constant. Although this problem has been well studied, typical studies assume th...

the aim of this paper is to enhance thermal performance of a microchannel heat sink by using nanoencapsulated phase change material (nepcm) slurry as a cooling fluid instead of pure fluid. a threedimensional model of a circular channel using water slurry of nepcm was developed. the results show a significant reduction in the mean fluid temperature along the channel and heat sink wall temperatu...