During the standard heat sterilization process of the lactate–buffered peritoneal dialysis solutions, glucose (an osmotic active substance) degrades to form compounds called glucose degradation products which are cytotoxic and affect the survival of the peritoneal membrane. This case presentation is based on an observation of 224 aseptic peritonitis cases of unknown etiology. For the purpose of...

Tumor markers could increase in both tuberculous peritonitis and peritonitis carcinomatosa, confusing the differentiation of these diseases. This study aimed to better understand the extent of elevation and diagnostic efficacies of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA 125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and combinative use of them in tuberculous peritonitis and peritonitis carcinomatosa. Of 2998 patie...

We report the first case of fatal spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and fulminant hepatitis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a patient with hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis.

AIM The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rifaximin in the prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) as compared with norfloxacin. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases from inception to January 2017. Reference lists of articles as well as conference proceedings were manually screened. We included studies ...

BACKGROUND Peritonitis has been independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. However, there are few reports on peritonitis in hemodialysis patients. We aim at investigating both the risk profiles and prognostic impact of peritonitis in hemodialysis patients. METHODS This nation-wide longitudinal study uses claims data obtained from the Taiwa...

Peritonitis is an important complication of peritoneal dialysis. Several animal peritonitis models have been described, including bacterial and fungal models that are useful for studying inflammation in peritonitis. However, these models have limitations for investigating peritoneal fibrosis induced by acute inflammation and present difficulties in handling the infected animals. Animal models o...

The Authors Reply We appreciate Dr. Windpessl M. and colleagues for their supportive comments and additional references regarding our case report (1). The phrase “the absence of evidence is not the evidence of absence,” proposed by the authors is a good suggestion for physicians investigating the cause of peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). According to a recent report from the...

INTRODUCTION Culture-negative peritonitis is a major challenge in the treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). This study aimed to evaluate the culture-negative peritonitis in patients from the Iranian CAPD Registry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of 1472 patients from 26 CAPD centers were analysed. Peritonitis was defined as any clinical suspicion together wi...

BACKGROUND In mammals lipoic acid (LA) and its reduced form dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) function as cofactors for multienzymatic complexes catalyzing the decarboxylation of α-ketoacids. Moreover, LA is used as a drug in a variety of diseases including inflammatory diseases. The aim of the study was to examine anti-inflammatory properties of LA metabolites. MATERIAL/METHODS The present paper rep...

BACKGROUND In recent years, the rate of peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) has been significantly reduced. However, peritonitis remains a major complication of CAPD, accounting for considerable mortality and hospitalization among CAPD patients. OBJECTIVE To generate a "center tailored" treatment protocol for CAPD peritonitis by examining the changes of causati...