Seizurogenic chemicals include a variety of toxic agents, including chemical warfare agents, toxic industrial chemicals, and natural toxins. Chemical weapons such as sarin and VX, and pesticides such as parathion and carbaryl cause hyperstimulation of cholinergic receptors and an increase in excitatory neurotransmission. Glutamatergic hyperstimulation can occur after exposure to excitatory amin...

In the last decades, the use of pesticides has increased exponentially agricultural production. However, it is a well known fact that excessive use of pesticides can be hazardous both for the environment and human health. It is thus essential to assess thoroughly the impact on the environment of a given pesticide before its application. When they are sprayed on crops, pesticides are absorbed by...

Organochlorine (OC) pesticides are synthetic pesticides widely used all over the world. They belong to the group of chlorinated hydrocarbon derivatives, which have vast application in the chemical industry and in agriculture. These compounds are known for their high toxicity, slow degradation and bioaccumulation. Even though many of the compounds which belong to OC were banned in developed coun...

RISKS TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY POSED BY RESISTANT PESTS Many general questions and observations were made concerning the risk of pests, especially insect pests to a crop containing a transgenic pesticide, e.g., the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin. If pests cannot be controlled, food and fiber crops will be jeopardized and may negatively impact society throughout the world. As a result, ...

To inform current and future pesticide availability to glasshouse vegetable growers, the current project trialled more than twenty products, including existing industry standards, against four key pests of glasshouse tomatoes and bell peppers. These included experimental conventional chemical pesticides as well as alternative biopesticide and biorational products based on phytochemicals, microb...

Pesticides have been suspected to act as endocrine disruptive compounds (EDCs) through several mechanisms of action, however data are still needed for a number of currently used pesticides. In the present study, 30 environmental pesticides selected from different chemical classes (azole, carbamate, dicarboximide, organochlorine, organophosphorus, oxadiazole, phenylureas, pyrazole, pyrimidine, p...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of usage, unsafe practices and risk perception regarding household pesticides in a rural community of Tamil Nadu, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional survey we used a pre-tested questionnaire and trained interviewers to collect information on household pesticide use for the past 6 months from any adult member of randomly selected households. ...

the study was conducted among the two farmer groups in bhaktapur and kavre districts of nepal. the main objective of the study is to evaluate the differences in belief, attitude and practices felt by the farmers after participation in the ipm ffs. the study has been based on data collected through personal interview with the farmers, focus group discussion, personal observation in the farmers f...

Recently, with increasing public awareness of food safety, developments of some valid and rapidly analytical methods are required for the determination of residual pesticides in crops.This study was conducted on validation of a reliable, accurate and precise method for multi analysis of pesticides residue in melon as a main fruit in Iranian food basket. A reliable, and valid method...

Several Belgian beekeepers were asked to shut down their hives due to withering of the hive. The cause of the withering was unknown. A multi-factoral study was initiated, which included a multi-class pesticide residue study from honey, to determine if pesticides were the cause of the decline. The extensive distribution of pesticides causes bees that have been fed on contaminated blossoms to tra...