The anatomical structure and chemical composition of the stem-wall material of giant reed is considered from the viewpoint of raw material characterization for industrial fiber production. The effect of stem morphology (nodes and internodes) on pulping results and general pulp properties is discussed. The advantages of application of modern organic solvent based (organosolv) pulping technologie...

Effluents from pulp and paper mills are highly toxic and are a major source of water pollution. Nearly 250 chemicals have been identified in effluents which are produced at different stages of papermaking. Their toxic nature is derived from the presence of several naturally occurring and xenobiotic compounds which are formed and released during various stages of papermaking. If applied under ap...

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) nanofibers were isolated from unbleached and bleached pulp by a combination of chemical and mechanical treatments. The chemical methods were based on NaOH-AQ (anthraquinone) and three-stage bleaching (DEpD) processes, whereas the mechanical techniques involved refining, cryo-crushing, and highpressure homogenization. The size and morphology of the obtained fibers wer...

Sulfur emission from coal combustion presents many environmental problems. The techniques used to reduce the amount of sulfur in coal before combustion, include physical, chemical and biological processes.Biological processes based on degradation of sulfur compounds by microorganisms offer many advantages over the conventional physical and chemical processes. The processes are performed und...

The removal of transition metal ions is crucial for improving the efficiency of subsequent peroxide bleaching. Acid-washing and chelation have been proposed for such a purpose. However, their influences on the Mg(OH)2-based peroxide bleaching of hardwood pulps at a high consistency have not been well documented in the literature. In this work, we studied the influence of acid-washing using sulf...

The screened Eucalyptus camendulensis chips were cooked in the laboratory at various alkalinities (14, 16, 18 and 20 per cent) and sulphidity (20, 30 and 40 per cent). Due to the variation in chemical charge, the pulp yield was found to be different. The average pulp yield was 50.6 per cent after washing and the final yield was obtained 40 per cent, which followed the normal kraft yield trend. ...