Continuous flow microreactors with an annular microchannel for cyclical chemical reactions were fabricated by either bulk micromachining in silicon or by rapid prototyping using EPON SU-8. Fluid propulsion in these unusual microchannels was achieved using AC magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) actuation. This integrated micropumping mechanism obviates the use of moving parts by acting locally on the elec...

My half-century journey started from synthetic organic chemistry. During the first stage of my journey, my interest in stereochemistry was initiated through the investigation on the participation of steric effects in reactive intermediates, cylophanes, strained heterocycles, and organic compounds for photography. In chemoinformatics as the next stage of the journey, I proposed the concept of im...

Retinoid cycle describes a set of chemical transformations that occur in the photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelial cells. The hydrophobic and labile nature of the retinoid substrates and the two-cell chromophore utilization-regeneration system imposes significant constraints on the experimental biochemical approaches employed to understand this process. A brief description of the recent ...

I examine the plausibility of theories that postulate the development of complex chemical organization without requiring the replication of genetic polymers such as RNA. One conclusion is that theories that involve the organization of complex, small-molecule metabolic cycles such as the reductive citric acid cycle on mineral surfaces make unreasonable assumptions about the catalytic properties ...

We have studied gas-grain chemical models of interstellar clouds to search for nonlinear dynamical evolution. A prescription is given producing oscillatory solutions when a bistable solution exists in the gas-phase chemistry and we demonstrate existence limit cycle relaxation oscillation solutions. As autocatalytic processes underlying these are common all chemistry, occurrence should be widesp...