BACKGROUND The role of rescue breathing in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by a layperson is uncertain. We hypothesized that the dispatcher instructions to bystanders to provide chest compression alone would result in improved survival as compared with instructions to provide chest compression plus rescue breathing. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial of dispatc...

Previous studies have demonstrated the potential for using smartwatches with a built-in accelerometer as feedback devices for high-quality chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study has reported the effects of this feedback on chest compressions in action. A randomized, parallel controlled study of 40 senior medical students ...

Chest compressions have saved the lives of countless patients in cardiac arrest as they generate a small but critical amount of blood flow to the heart and brain. This is achieved by direct cardiac massage as well as a thoracic pump mechanism. In order to optimize blood flow excellent chest compression technique is critical. Thus, the quality of the delivered chest compressions is a pivotal det...

Cardiopulmonary support including closed chest compression is a mainstay in the management of cardiac arrest. However, traditional means (i.e. manual) chest compression may be logistically challenging, especially in patients requiring emergent invasive procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention for cardiac arrest due to acute myocardial infarction. The LUCAS mechanical chest compress...

This paper develops bounds on out-of-sample error rates for support vector machines (SVMs). The bounds are based on the numbers of support vectors in the SVMs rather than on VC dimension. The bounds developed here improve on support vector counting bounds derived using Littlestone and Warmuth’s compression-based bounding technique.

BACKGROUND Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation recommend a chest compression rate of at least 100 compressions per minute. Animal and human studies have reported that blood flow is greatest with chest compression rates near 120/min, but few have reported rates used during out-of-hospital (OOH) cardiopulmonary resuscitation or the relationship between rate and outcome. The purpose of th...

AIM To compare the 2-stage and 4-stage basic life support teaching technique. The second aim was to test if students' self-evaluated knowledge was in accordance with their actual knowledge. METHODS A total of 126 first-year students of the Faculty of Medicine in Ljubljana were involved in this parallel study conducted in the academic year 2009/2010. They were divided into ten groups. Five gro...

A function has been developed that will fit counting efficiency to chest wall thickness, adipose content of the chest wall, and photon energy. The adipose content of the chest wall is removed as a variable by use of the derived quantity: muscle equivalent chest wall thickness. The function has been tested on experimental data sets obtained from the LLNL and JAERI torso phantoms using a variety ...

Current recommendation for chest compressions in neonatal resuscitation is to use a coordinated 3:1 ratio of chest compressions to ventilations (C:V), interrupting every third compression to deliver an assisted ventilation. Despite this recommendation, the evidence is still unclear on the optimal C:V ratio for use in neonates. Our team has previously reported a novel technique of sustained infl...