An electroluminescence microscopy combined with a spectroscopy was developed to visually analyze multi-junction solar cells. Triple-junction solar cells with different conversion efficiencies were characterized by using this system. The results showed that the mechanical damages and material defects in solar cells can be clearly distinguished, indicating a high-resolution imaging. The external ...

The methods of deriving the relations describing the influence of the external electric field on thermodynamic characteristics and shape of a dielectric liquid droplet are considered. It is shown that the uniform external electric field enhances nucleation for a fixed vapor chemical potential due to decreasing the chemical potential per molecule in droplet and the work of droplet formation. The...

In this paper, we investigate the problem of non-fragile H∞ fuzzy control design for continuous Takagi Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with uncertainties, external disturbance and unmeasurable state variables. For the case of controller and observer gain additive variations, we propose a new solution of the fragility problem by developing the non-fragile design schemes ensuring the asymptotic stabil...

BACKGROUND We aimed to analyze the range of motion (ROM) and internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) isokinetic strength according to humeral retroversion of the dominant shoulder. METHODS We included 40 elite baseball players in Korea (OBP group: n=20 players with careers spanning >10 years, age: 19.37±2.21 years, height: 181.00±5.41 cm, weight: 84.58±7.85 kg; BBP group: n=20 playe...

This study aimed to describe the availability of advisory external defibrillators (AEDs) in Irish General Practice. The study utilised a computer generated random sample of Irish general practitioners and involved a postal questionnaire, with telephone follow up of non-responders. The cohort of GPs already known to possess an AED (via participation in the Merit Project) was excluded. 115 valid ...

This paper concerns the contribution of mentally simulated ocular exploration to generation of a visual mental image. In Exp. 1, repeated exploration of the outlines of an irregular decagon allowed an incidental learning of the shape. Analyses showed subjects memorized their ocular movements rather than the polygon. In Exp. 2, exploration of a reversible figure such as a Necker cube varied in o...

The aim of this paper is an analysis of Karl Marx’s account of social criticism. The paper opens with a distinction between two models of social criticism, Platonic and Socratic, present in the contemporary political philosophy. The main argument is that despite the contradictory character of the two models of criticism, they are both present in Marx’s account of criticism. Through the concept ...

Humans live and work in groups where they face similar, and often shared, problems, ranging from finding resources to avoiding external threats. To solve a problem at hand, they have to make sense of it and develop an accurate idea of a solution. The wisdom of crowds means that the average of a variety of inaccurate ideas, arrived at independently, is often very accurate, whereas social influen...

A mainstay of the debates concerning the phonology-syntax interface are phenomena of external sandhi, that is, phonological alternations whose conditioning environment is across a word boundary. 1A recurrent problem in this area is the fact that it is usually impossible to motivate a purely syntactic account of such alternations. This has led to the widespread consensus that the relation betwee...