Although muscarinic receptors are known to mediate tonic contraction of human gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle, the receptor subtypes that mediate the tonic contractions are not entirely clear. Whole human stomachs with attached esophagus were procured from organ transplant donors. Cholinergic contractile responses of clasp, sling, lower esophageal circular (LEC), midesophageal circular (ME...

This paper presents the concept of parallelisation of a solver for Answer Set Programming (ASP). While there already exist some approaches to parallel ASP solving, there was a lack of a parallel version of the powerful clasp solver. We implemented a parallel version of clasp based on message-passing. Experimental results on Blue Gene P/L indicate the potential of such an approach.

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, called ClaSP for mining frequent closed sequential patterns in temporal transaction data. Our algorithm uses several efficient search space pruning methods together with a vertical database layout. Experiments on both synthetic and real datasets show that ClaSP outperforms currently well known state of the art methods, such as CloSpan.

We summarize the salient features of the current version of the answer set solver clasp, focusing on the progress made since version RC4 of clasp. Apart from enhanced preprocessing and search-supporting techniques, a particular emphasis lies on advanced reasoning modes, such as cautious and brave reasoning, optimization, solution projection, and incremental solving.

The paper describes two separate but synergistic tools for running experiments on large Lisp systems such as Artiicial Intelligence planning systems, by which we mean systems that produce plans and execute them in some kind of simulator. The rst tool, called Clip (Common Lisp Instrumentation Package), allows the researcher to deene and run experiments, including experimental conditions (paramet...

There are no objective differences in neural elements that explain regional differences in neural influences along the smooth muscle (SM) esophageal body (EB). Regional differences in muscle properties are present in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). This study examines whether regional differences in SM properties exist along the EB and are reflected in length-tension relationships and res...

Male Xenopus laevis frogs have been observed to clasp other males in a sustained, amplectant position, the purpose of which is unknown. We examined three possible hypotheses for this counter-intuitive behavior: 1) clasping males fail to discriminate the sex of the frogs they clasp; 2) male-male clasping is an aggressive or dominant behavior; or 3) that males clasp other males to gain proximity ...

Introduction: Clasp is an important component in a removable partial denture. Conventional clasps are usually made of metal alloys. The patient refuses to have clasp due the unaesthetic color that affects their appearance. This article aims determine types other than those Overview: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) ketone-based crystalline thermoplastic resin commonly used dentistry for crowns, impl...

We elaborate upon a recently proposed approach to finding an answer set of a logic program based on concepts from constraint processing and satisfiability checking. We extend this approach and propose a new algorithm for enumerating answer sets. The algorithm, which to our knowledge is novel even in the context of satisfiability checking, is implemented in the clasp answer set solver. We contra...