l2 research has shown that instruction in l2 pragmatics is necessary. the current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on efl learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. it also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the l2 classroom. iranian undergraduate students maj...

The individualism-collectivism syndrome has considerable impact on many aspects of a society. Basedon theoretical frameworks, classroom observations, and teaching and learning experiences in ESL/EFLclassrooms, this study investigates the cultural orientations in L2 settings where classroom interactionand discourse, the goal of education, and the roles that teachers and students play...

Pairing theory with methodology, this study demonstrates how EFL teachers’ limited wait-time practice structures in and affects the structuring of the unfolding classroom discourse with reference to learners’ participation opportunities. Informed by the tenets of conversation analysis, we have observed, videotaped, and transcribed line-by-line 10 EFL teachers’ naturally-occurring classroom inte...

This paper presents a classroom observation protocol and analysis method that efficiently capture key student and teacher discursive moves. We developed this protocol for use in a study comparing classrooms using Eduinnova, handheld computer-supported collaborative learning software, with classrooms using a popular, non-collaborative software application aimed at the same topic. Analysis of dat...

This paper suggests that online collaborative environments like Knowledge Forum provide an important arena for students to exercise their ability to formulate reflective ideas. A discourse analysis of three primary 4 classes’ verbal and written activities during a two-week science unit showed that, during online activities there was a significant increase in the number of words students used to...

Participation in the classroom has dropped precipitously in recent years. We describe the design and use of ActiveClass, an application for encouraging in-class participation using personal wireless devices. This system has been used in three sections of two different lower-division courses in computer programming at UCSD. Using ecologies as a method of analysis, these settings provide a rich s...

The first aim of this study was to contribute to a growing body of research in teacher-student classroom discourse, by describing, in detail, the discourse “moves” of a teacher during science conversations. Our second aim was to develop an enriched analytic framework that can account for the context, the content and the purpose of the discourse moves identified, arguing for a shift of attention...

This study examined what discourse markers (DM) and their characteristics are in English. It described the range of uses of English discourse markers in conversations included in Interchange books. It also determined the most frequently used discourse markers. It was found that "oh" and "well" were the most frequently used discourse markers in the conversations, and then the functions of them w...