The combination of β-lactams and β-lactamase inhibitors has been shown to have potent in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolates. In order to identify the most potent β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combination against MDR-TB, we selected nine β-lactams and three β-lactamase inhibitors, which belong to different subgroups. A total of 121 MDR-TB strains were incl...

AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiology of secondary bacterial peritonitis due to appendicitis and the appropriateness of current antimicrobial practice in one institution. METHODS A 14-year retrospective single-centre study of 69 consecutive paediatric patients (age 1-14 years) with appendicitis-related peritonitis and positive peritoneal specimen cultures was conducted...

Escherichia coli is commonly involved in infections with a heavy bacterial burden. Piperacillin-tazobactam and carbapenems are among the recommended empirical treatments for health care-associated complicated intra-abdominal infections. In contrast to amoxicillin-clavulanate, both have reduced in vitro activity in the presence of high concentrations of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-produ...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is considered innately resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. However, there is evidence that susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors is variable among clinical isolates, and these may present therapeutic options for drug-resistant cases. Here we report our investigation of susceptibility to β-lactam/β-lactamase ...

One hundred four Enterobacter isolates were tested by standard CLSI disk diffusion methods for detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and with cefepime-clavulanate disk combinations. SHV-12 was produced by 8.7% of isolates. The cefepime-clavulanate combination provided 88% sensitivity and 91% specificity for the detection of SHV-12 ESBL.

A 7-day course of either cephradine or amoxicillin-clavulanate treatment caused no significant change in fecal flora composition, except that staphylococci were virtually eliminated in both groups. Some amoxicillin-resistant coliforms were isolated after treatment in both groups, but cephradine- or amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant coliforms were rarely isolated.

The prevalence of class D extended-spectrum oxacillinases (ES-OXAs) in ceftazidime-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often underestimated by double-disk synergy tests (DDST) using clavulanate. A DDST with a customized distance between a disk of ceftazidime or cefepime and inhibitors (clavulanate and imipenem) detected 14 out of 15 different ES-OXAs.

This study analyzed the enzymatic basis and molecular epidemiology of amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant Escherichia coli isolated by the microbiology laboratory of a United States tertiary care hospital. From October 1998 to December 1999, all E. coli isolates were screened for ampicillin-sulbactam resistance. Of 283 isolates that tested resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, 69 unique patient isol...

Agar dilution MIC methodology was used to compare the activity of sulopenem with those of amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, clindamycin, and metronidazole against 431 anaerobes. Overall, MIC(50)/(90) values were as follows: sulopenem, 0.25/1.0 microg/ml; amoxicillin/clavulanate, 0.5/2.0 microg/ml; ampicillin/sulbactam, 0.5/4.0 microg/ml; piperacil...