Insight in the biogeochemistry and ecology of sandy sediments crucially depends on a quantitative description of pore water flow and the associated transport of various solutes and particles. We show that widely different problems can be modelled by the same flow and tracer equations. The principal difference between model applications concerns the geometry of the sediment-water interface and t...

The influence of oscillatory versus unidirectional flow on the growth and nitrate-uptake rates of juvenile kelp, Laminaria digitata, was determined seasonally in experimental treatments that simulated as closely as possible natural environmental conditions. In winter, regardless of flow condition (oscillatory and unidirectional) or water velocity, no influence of water motion was observed on th...

abstract bottom rack intake is one of the most popular structures used for diverting water in mountain region. corrosion and rotten problems of bottom racks inspire the introduction of a new system of bottom intake in which a porous media is replaced by the bottom rack. obviously, clogging and reduction of diverted discharge are the most important problems in this new system, too. in this paper...

Vegetation growing in the water along rivers plays an important role on the hydrodynamic behavior, on the ecological equilibrium and on the characteristics of the river. It has effects on the flow resistance and, as a result, has a large impact on water levels. The influence of non-submerged vegetation on flow is not so clear as yet; it needs to be further studied. The Acorus Calmus L is a kind...

Fish inhabit environments greatly varying in intensity of water velocity, and these flow regimes are generally believed to be of major evolutionary significance. To what extent does water flow drive repeatable and predictable phenotypic differentiation? Although many investigators have examined phenotypic variation across flow gradients in fishes, no clear consensus regarding the nature of wate...

Despite a large number of publications covering various aspects of the influence of climatic factors on runoff, this direction in hydrological research acquires a new meaning in connection with global climate change and the increase in anthropogenic press on river systems. The authors of this work focused on the impact of anthropogenic factors on river runoff. Many rivers of Siberian taiga drai...

Introduction Water is thought by many to be the most important nutrient for poultry. Charles H. Goan summed up the true concerns of the broiler industry when he stated, “The purpose of any broiler watering system is to provide sufficient water for optimum bird growth and efficiency.” In recent years the industry has abandoned v-troughs, cups, and bell type drinkers in favor of nipple water syst...

Most drying simulation models describe the moisture migration in wood as a diffusion process, including free water flow at contents greater than the fibre saturation point. This means that wood is seen as a homogeneous material lacking internal structure. However, especially in softwood narrow sections, bordered pits, divide the free water phase into rather distinct units. It is thus quite clea...

abstractthe understanding of water resources for the purpose of ground and surface water management as two inseparable systems is great importance. in this study by examining the time series of climatic variables (precipitation), hydrological (flow and consume) and the level of water table, the parameters associated with each other and with fluctuating water table can be realized. there was a d...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The movement of water through mycorrhizal fungal tissues and between the fungus and roots is little understood. It has been demonstrated that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis regulates root hydraulic properties, including root hydraulic conductivity. However, it is not clear whether this effect is due to a regulation of root aquaporins (cell-to-cell pathway) or to enhan...