In this study, we provide a perspective on dynamical downscaling that includes a comprehensive view of multiple downscaling methods and a strategy for achieving better assessment of future regional climates. A regional climate simulation is generally driven by a large-scale atmospheric state obtained by a global climate simulation. We conceptualize the large-scale state based on reconstruction ...

31 Climate models are essential tools for assessing future climate change. In making predictions, it 32 is beneficial to examine simulations from various models that are developed at centers around the 33 world. The simple average over an ensemble of such models is often taken as the optimal 34 prediction, which in studies of current climate is demonstrated as being more accurate than 35 relyin...

The relationships among farmers’ belief in climate change, perceptions of climate-related risk, and use of climate adaptation practices is a growing topic of interest in U.S. scholarship. The northeast region is not well represented in the literature, although it is highly agricultural and will likely face climaterelated risks that differ from those faced in other regions. We used a mixed metho...

We examine whether the reduced meridional temperature gradients of past greenhouse climates might have reduced oceanic overturning, leading to a more quiescent subsurface ocean. A substantial reduction of the pole-toEquator temperature difference is achieved in a coupled climate model via an altered radiative balance in the atmosphere. Contrary to expectations, we find that the meridional overt...

The economic costs of climate change can be large, or perhaps non-existent. We cannot tell before experiencing climate change, and thus the social cost of carbon is partly based on subjective beliefs. We take a dataset of estimates for the carbon price as a representation of beliefs, and develop a tractable stochastic climate-economy model that replicates the distribution of estimates. We use t...

Clouds play a crucial role in the radiative balance of the earth’s surface, particularly in the Arctic where they participate in various feedback mechanisms with the underlying surface that consists of a complex mixture of snow, sea-ice, and open water. Our current understanding of clouds, and especially their representation in climate models, is limited. Longer term observational studies of th...

Studies of climate change traditionally focus on long-term changes taking place in the troposphere. This is understandable, as this is the part of the atmosphere that most directly affects life on the surface. However, long-term trends higher in the atmosphere can have important consequences as well. The middle and upper atmosphere consist of the stratosphere (~15-50 km), the mesosphere (50-90...

One of the very important issues discussed in the recent two decades is climate change. Temperature is one of the indicative factors of climate change. The present research aimed at studying temporal variation in temperature over Guwahati, Tezpur, Dibrugarh (Mohanbari) and Silchar stations, Assam, India, during the period 1981–2010. Trends in annual and seasonal temperature series were analyzed...