Abeam-A~osphe~c aerosols were measured in August 1983 on Allegheny Mountain and Laurel Hill in southwestern Pennsyivania. Ambient humidity was observed to influence the coarse to fine particle ratios as determined by dichotomous samplers. This influence is evident in the particle mass and in its component chemical species. The sampling run with the most pronounced mass shift resulted in an appa...

An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of corn silage particle size and fat supplements on performance, solid passage rate through the digestive tract, and chewing behavior in dairy cows. The forages were coarse or fine corn silage with geometric means of 8.8±2.7 and 5.6±2.8 mm, and alfalfa with geometrics means of 7.0±3.3 mm, and fat supplements were neutral fat (palm) and soy-o...

In developing countries, high levels of particle pollution from the use of coal and biomass fuels for household cooking and heating are a major cause of ill health and premature mortality. The cost and complexity of existing monitoring equipment, combined with the need to sample many locations, make routine quantification of household particle pollution levels difficult. Recent advances in tech...

We develop coarse-graining schemes for stochastic many-particle microscopic models with competing shortand long-range interactions on a d-dimensional lattice. We focus on the coarse-graining of equilibrium Gibbs states and using cluster expansions we analyze the corresponding renormalization group map. We quantify the approximation properties of the coarse-grained terms arising from different t...

Coarse graining of dense liquid-state systems can potentially lead to fast simulation times, thus providing an effective bridge between atomistic and continuum descriptions. Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) is a stochastic Lagrangian method that provides a simple formal procedure for coarse graining. Here we analyze some of the fundamental modeling ideas of DPD and identify three factors tha...

Aiming at a description of transport processes where the dynamically generated width of the states is potentially large a transport equation beyond the quasiparticle approximation is derived in first order gradient expansion. An effective particle number is identified which is exactly conserved by the coarse grained transport equation. Using a test particle ansatz for this conserved quantity al...

Realgar is a poorly water-soluble compound that exhibits poor bioavailability. To improve this, the authors reduced the particle size of realgar to nanoscale by high-energy ball milling and optimized the preparation process under which (realgar weight 40 g, milling time 9 hours, milling speed 38 Hz, milling temperature -20°C) realgar nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 78 ± 8.3 nm were ...

Nitrate comprises an important part of aerosol mass at many non-urban locations during some times of the year. Little is known, however, about the chemical form and size distribution of particulate nitrate in these environments. While submicron ammonium nitrate is often assumed to be the dominant species, this assumption is rarely tested. Properties of aerosol nitrate were characterized at seve...

The effect of form of starter grain (coarse vs. ground) and inclusion of various levels of hay on body weight gain and rumen development was evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of form of diet and forage inclusion on intake, growth, feed efficiency, and weaning age in dairy calves. Diets consisted of commercial coarse starter (C), ground starter (G), coarse starter...

the microphase separation of hydrated perfluorinated sulfonic acid membrane nafion was investigated using dissipative particle dynamics (dpd). the nafion as a polymer was modelled by connecting coarse grained beads which corresponds to the hydrophobic backbone of polytetrafluoroethylene and perfluorinated side chains terminated by hydrophilic end particles of sulfonic acid groups [1, 2]. each f...