in this paper, the gain in ld-celp speech coding algorithm is predicted using three neural models, that are equipped by genetic and particle swarm optimization (pso) algorithms to optimize the structure and parameters of neural networks. elman, multi-layer perceptron (mlp) and fuzzy artmap are the candidate neural models. the optimized number of nodes in the first and second hidden layers of el...

the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) mutations in mitochondrial coding and non coding regions seem to be important in carcinogenesis. the aim of this investigation was to evaluate coding region (mt-trnaphe and trnapro) and non-coding sequence, mitochondrial displacement loop (mtdna d-loop), in the cancerous and non-cancerous lesions of iranian patients with breast cancer (bc). genomic dna was extracte...