In this paper cogeneration benefits applied to a user with a high steam demand are analyzed. The methodology for the feasibility study and the economical analysis of the investment is presented under the Italian legislative framework. The methodology is applied to an actual case and a detailed description and discussion of all data input is provided. Especially this last key point will be faced...

As the energy cost is rising steadily and the environmental pollution is becoming an important issue, the roles of process plant boilers like that of the sugar plants boilers need better understanding as they can be made to operate in either energy conserving or bio-mass conserving modes. However, practical models of the plants need to be developed before any effort at optimization and cogenera...

The development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) for the cogeneration of electricity and district heating has recently gained interest, and is expected to know an important development in the future. Major research questions on the design of the energy conversion system concern the increase of the efficiency in the usage of geothermal resources, as well as the increase of their economic pro...

Thermophotovoltaics (TPV) converts the radiant energy of a thermal source into electrical energy using photovoltaic cells. TPV has a number of attractive features, including: fuel versatility (nuclear, fossil, solar, etc.), quiet operation, low maintenance, low emissions, light weight, high power density, modularity, and possibility for cogeneration of heat and electricity. Some of these featur...

Three combined power and refrigeration system are introduced to compare and analyze for a defined demand and same fuel consumption based on thermodynamic parameters in a 24 hours period. Gas turbine and/or steam turbine are used for power generation and also ejector refrigeration cycle is used to produce cooling. These three systems are named as GER, SER and GSER. The results of three systems a...

In this paper the authors analyze different alternatives to provide energy utilities to a hospital center with cogeneration systems with diesel engines and gas turbines. The study considers several power sizes and control strategies, so it shows the influence of these parameters, showing that in this case the options with diesel engines are more efficient than the equivalent ones with gas turbi...

Recently, cogeneration systems (CGS) have been installed in various factories and buildings. CGS is usually connected to various facilities such as refrigerators, reservoirs, and cooling towers, and produces various energies for electric loads, air-conditioning loads, heating loads, and hot water loads (fig.1). Since daily load patterns of the various loads are different, optimal operational pl...

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are highly efficient power generators, achieving up to 50-60% conversion efficiency, even at sizes of a few kilowatts. PEMFCs have zero pollutant emissions when fueled directly with hydrogen, and near zero emissions when coupled to reformers. These attributes make them potentially attractive for a variety of applications including electric vehicles a...