Cutaneous neurofibromas, characteristic lesions of neurofibromatosis 1, are composed of an abundant extracellular matrix and nerve connective tissue-derived cell types: Schwann cells, perineurial cells, and fibroblasts. In this study, the extracellular matrix gene expression by these cells was examined under culture conditions that allowed them to be metabolically active and readily identifiabl...

Asperosaponin VI (ASA VI), a natural compound isolated from the well-known traditional Chinese herb Radix Dipsaci, has an important role in promoting osteoblast formation. However, its effects on osteoblasts in the context of osteoporosis is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of ASA VI action on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stro...

Johnson, E. M. (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C.), Barbara Krauskopf, and L. S. Baron. Genetic mapping of Vi and somatic antigenic determinants in Salmonella. J. Bacteriol. 90:302-308. 1965.-The Vi antigen and somatic antigen 9 were transferred to Salmonella typhimurium recipients by mating with S. typhosa Hfr TD-7, and the genetic determinants of these antigens were loc...

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a human restricted pathogen. It biosynthesizes a virulence capsular polysaccharide named as Vi antigen. S. Typhi regulates expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of Vi antigen in response to osmolarity. Beside Vi-positive isolates, Vi-negative (acapsulated) isolates are also pathogenic. However, Vi-positive isolates are more prevalent. T...

Hexavalent Chromium [Cr(VI)], which can be found of various uses in industries such as metallurgy and textile dying, can cause a number of human disease including inflammation and cancer. Unlike previous research that focused on Cr(VI)-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis, this study placed emphasis on premature senescence that can be induced by low-dose and long-term Cr(VI) exposure. We foun...

The synthesis and transportation proteins of the Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (serovar Typhi) are encoded by the viaB operon, which resides on a 134-kb pathogenicity island known as SPI-7. In recent years, Vi-negative strains of serovar Typhi have been reported in regions where typhoid fever is endemic. However, because Vi negativity can arise during in vitro ...

Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi isolates for their Vi capsular polysaccharide antigen-related genetic sequences is desirable to define the role of isolates lacking such sequences in differential replication at unusual sites, including those coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infection with Vi-negative strains might produce typhoid fever among those immuniz...

Synonyms Spectrum of phenotypes: Mild: Bethlem myopathy/ benign congenital muscular dystrophy Intermediate: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy; myosclerosis myopathy Severe: Ullrich myopathy/ congenital atonic sclerotic muscular dystrophy First described by Ullrich in 1930 and Bethlem in 1976 respectively [1]. Caused by mutations in any of the 3 genes which code for collagen type VI synthesis, COL6...

Congenital muscular dystrophies with collagen VI deficiency are inherited muscle disorders with a broad spectrum of clinical presentation and are caused by mutations in one of COL6A1-3 genes. Muscle pathology is characterized by fiber size variation and increased interstitial fibrosis and adipogenesis. In this study, we define critical events that contribute to muscle weakness and fibrosis in a...