Binary covering arrays of strength t are 0–1 matrices having the property that for each t columns and each of the possible 2 sequences of t 0’s and 1’s, there exists a row having that sequence in that set of t columns. Covering arrays are an important tool in certain applications, for example, in software testing. In these applications, the number of columns of the matrix is dictated by the app...

The problem of efficiently characterizing degree sequences of simple hypergraphs is a fundamental long-standing open problem in Graph Theory. Several results are known for restricted versions of this problem. This paper adds to the list of sufficient conditions for a degree sequence to be hypergraphic. This paper proves a combinatorial lemma about cyclically permuting the columns of a binary ta...

The striate cortex of the macaque monkey is subdivided into two independent and overlapping systems of columns termed “orientation columns” and “ocular dominance columns.” The present paper is concerned with the orientation columns, particularly their geometry and the relationship between successive columns. The arrangement of the columns is highly ordered; in the great majority of oblique or t...

This paper introduces a novel MILP approach for the design of distillation columns sequences of zeotropic mixtures explicitly including from conventional to fully thermally coupled sequences and divided wall columns with a single wall. The model is based on the use of two superstructure levels. In the upper level a superstructure that includes all the basic sequences of separation tasks and all...

Nitrification, the microbial oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate, occurs in a wide variety of environments and plays a central role in the global nitrogen cycle. Catalyzed by the enzyme ammonia monooxygenase, the ability to oxidize ammonia was previously thought to be restricted to a few groups within the beta- and gamma-Proteobacteria. However, recent metagenomic studies have revealed ...

Forms of Nim have been played since antiquity and a complete theory was published as early as 1902 (see [3]). Martin Gardner described the game in one of his earliest columns [7] and returned to it many times over the years ([8–16]). Central to the analysis of Nim is Nim-addition. The Nim-sum is calculated by writing the terms in base 2 and adding the columns mod 2, with no carries. A Nim posit...

in this paper, we introduce and study the concepts of $mathcal{i}_2$-convergence, $mathcal{i}_2^{*}$-convergence for double sequences of fuzzy real numbers, where $mathcal{i}_2$ denotes the ideal of subsets of $mathbb n times mathbb n$. also, we study some properties and relations of them.

presence of arsenic, a heavy metal, in soil and water resources originating from geological formations of qorveh plain, which is considered as the main agricultural zone of kurdistan province in western iran, has put the agricultural products of this region at risk of pollution. since arsenate, as the most abundance form of arsenic in soil environment, competes against phosphate anion; applicat...

To analyze the information included in a pool of amino-acid sequences, a first approach is to align the sequences, to estimate the probability of each amino-acid to occur within columns of the aligned sequences and to combine these values through an ”entropy” function whose minimum corresponds to absence of information, that is to the case where each amino-acid has the same probability to occur...