UNLABELLED Background and Objective : Contraceptive pills are generally taken orally and can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting and hypertension. The vaginal use of these pills can reduce such complications. Our objective was to compare the efficacy and side effects of low dose contraceptive pills by oral and vaginal route in the management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding-(DUB) Metho...

Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) represent a serious complication related to hormonal contraception and hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Evidence on hormonal contraceptive- and HRT-related VTEs is derived almost exclusively from observational studies and points to a 2- to 6-fold increased relative risk of VTEs with either therapy. Oral contraceptive pills that contain third-generation prog...

Background: Combined oral contraceptives are a form of contraception that considered safe and effective for some women, but this does not rule out the possibility combined contribute to adverse health effects. Several epidemiological studies have shown effects on women's health. The use contraceptive pills containing hormones estrogen progesterone can cause an increase in blood pressure also st...

Emergency contraceptive(EC) is a method that used to prevent unwanted pregnancy that result from unintended sexual activity, sexual assault or abuse, misuse of regular contraceptive or nonuse of contraception methods. (EC) can also plays a vital role in preventing un intended pregnancy, which in turn helps to reduce unintended child birth and unsafe abortion , which are major problem of materna...

Combined oral contraceptive pills (cOCPs) are often used in the treatment of acne in females. They are effective, safe, and easy to use in appropriate patients in combination with more conventional acne therapies. This article will briefly address the physiologic rationale for the use of cOCPs in the treatment of acne. It will also review efficacy by examining relevant clinical trials. Safety c...

Oral contraceptive pills have several side effects especially on the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Absorption of low dose (LD) pills by the vaginal route avoids the first pass of the steroids through these tracts and probably has fewer side effects. This study was a cohort study for evaluation of side effects and acceptability of LD pills administered by the vaginal route. In a clinical...

The Contraceptive Equality Mandate took effect in Wisconsin on January 1, 2010. This mandate from the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance requires all insurance companies in the state of Wisconsin to cover all types of contraception, making Wisconsin the 28th state to do so. This article reviews the literature related to several types of contraception including Implanon (a newly a...

BACKGROUND As oral contraceptive pills are available over the counter in pharmacies, pharmacists are professionally responsible for checking and informing patients about every aspect of taking these drugs. Simulated patient method is a new and robust way to evaluate professional performance of pharmacists. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacy practice of Iranian...

Epilepsy is a common neurologic condition which includes many women's health issues. Menstrual disorders, reproductive endocrinological disturbances, ovulatory dysfunction and infertility appear to be relatively frequent in women with epilepsy. Clinical decision making which contraceptive regimen is optimal for an individual woman with epilepsy is one of the most challenging tasks when taking c...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that both the estrogen dose and progestogen type of oral contraceptives contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis in oral contraceptive users. Thrombin generation-based activated protein C (APC) sensitivity is a global test for the net prothrombotic effect of oral contraceptives and predicts the thrombotic risk. Our objective was to test the us...