Catalytic combustion is generally accepted as an environmentally preferred alternative for the generation of heat and power from fossil fuels mainly due to its advantages related to the stable combustion under very lean conditions with low emissions of NOx, CO, and UHC at temperatures lower than those occurred in conventional flame combustion. Despite these advantages, the commercial applicatio...

One strategy for reducing US dependence on petroleum is to develop new combustion technologies for burning the fuel-lean mixtures of hydrogen or hydrogen-rich syngas fuels obtained from the gasification of coal and biomass. Fuel-flexible combustion systems based on lean premixed combustion have the potential for dramatically reducing pollutant emissions in transportation systems, heat and stati...

Spray combustion is encountered in many engineering applications, such as internal combustion engines and gas-turbine aircraft engines. In these systems, the concurrent processes of liquid atomization, droplet evaporation, turbulent dispersion, and combustion interact and strongly affect each other, which makes experimental measurement and high-fidelity simulation challenging. To understand the...

1. Background 2. Fundamentals of Biomass Combustion 2.1. Efficiency Constraints in Combustion 3. The Nature of Biomass Solid Fuels 3.1. Standard Tests in Fuels Analysis 3.2. Proximate and Ultimate Analysis 4. Fuel Preparation 5. Combustion Products from Biomass 5.1. Mineral Matter and Ash 5.2. Nitrogen Oxides 5.3. Sulfur Dioxide SO2 5.4. Chlorine – tube corrosion and dioxin (TCDD) formation 6. ...

This review considers a specific domain in combustion science, so-called discrete combustion waves, which have been observed in a variety of processes including combustion synthesis of materials, burning of solid propellants, coals and biomass. The main objective of this work is to discuss the relevant experimental and theoretical results and to bring to light the fundamental nature of this phe...

Here we show that combustion sources, including waste incinerators, metallurgical processes, power-heating systems and so on, are also important emitters of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) to the atmosphere. Geometric mean PBDE concentrations in the stack flue gases of the combustion sources ranged from 8.07 to 469 ng/Nm3. The sinter plants (24.7 mg/h), electric arc furnaces (EAFs) (11.3...

-The role which low-temperature catalytic combustion should play in the future hydrogen energy system is discussed in comparison with those of conventional flame-type combustion and fuel cells. A hybrid of catalytic and flame combustion is also referred to in the comparison. Screening of catalyst materials proved that several inexpensive oxides of the 3d transition metals were active at interme...