Background: School age is a sensitive period in the child growth. Backpack weight has an important impact on physical growth and neuromuscular development of the children. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to determine the ratio of backpack weight to body weight and investigate its relationship with some factors among the elementary school students of Gorgan, Iran, within 2013-14....

rising obesity incidence and its complications have lead to change of our view about cardio-metabolic risk factors and need of reassessment of these complications in childhood age. the aim of current study was to evaluate prevalence of obesity and related cardio-metabolic risk factors of children. this was a cross-sectional study in a representative sample of 12 years old children in rasht, the...

in models of data envelopment analysis (dea), an optimal set of weights is generally assumed to represent the assessed decision making unit (dmu) in the best light in comparison to all the other dmus, and so there is an optimal set of weights corresponding to each dmu. the present paper, proposes a three stage method to determine one common set of weights for decision making units. then, we use...

background: low birth weight is one of the key indicators to assess the health of infants, and appropriate birth weight is one of the most important goals of any health system which also reflects the quality of prenatal care. objectives: the present research aimed to study some of the factors associated with low birth weight using quantile regression analysis. methods: a cross-sectional study w...

Ranking alternatives is an important issue in multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA); especially that different approaches produce different results. This paper proposes a measure of relative distance, which involves the calculation of the relative position of an alternative between the anti-ideal and the ideal for ranking. In this case, minimizing the distance to the ideal is equivalent to...

background: children with cleft lip and palate generally suffer from inappropriate and inadequate feeding, resulting in insufficient weight gain leading to malnutrition and poor growth. we aimed to evaluate the nutritional and growth status of cleft lip and palate children before and after reconstructive cleft lip and palate surgery. methods: all cleft lip and palate children aging from birth u...

Length-weight relationships (LWRs) are useful for calculating weight based on measurements of length. Here we provide LWRs 17 species fish from the rivers Vltava and Elbe in Czech Republic, Central Europe. The samples were collected by electrofishing May 2016 to August 2019. There far fewer riverine than lotic fish. All significant with r2 values ranging 0.99 European barbel (Barbus barbus) 0.9...