We show how to extend the demand-planning stage of the sales-and-operations-planning (S&OP) process with a spreadsheet implementation of a stochastic programming model that determines the supply requirement while optimally trading off risks of unmet demand, excess inventory, and inadequate liquidity in the presence of demand uncertainty. We first present the model that minimizes the weighted su...

In its Exposure Draft, "Accounting for Stock-based Compensation," FASB proposes that either the Black-Scholes or binomial option pricing model be used to expense employee stock options, and that the value of these options be measured on their grant date with typically modest ex-post adjustment. This brings the accounting profession squarely up against the Scylla of imposing too narrow a set rul...

This paper is concerned with the quantum properties of the binomial model (or, the CRR-model). We show that the single-step binomial model is incomplete in the quantum setting. All risk-neutral states of the single-step binomial model in the quantum setting are characterized. Moreover, it is shown that all single-step models are incomplete in the quantum setting. Therefore, incompleteness is ba...

In this paper, we study the discounted free Gerber-Shiu function for the compound binomial risk model with by-claims and randomized dividend policy. Specifically, explicit expression for the discounted free Gerber-Shiu function is obtained. This result allows us to derive formulae for some useful insurance quantities, including the ruin probability, the probability function of the deficit at ru...

Abstract. In this paper, we present a review of results for discrete-time risk models, including the compound binomial risk model and some of its extensions. While most theoretical risk models use the concept of time continuity, the practical reality is discrete. For instance, recursive formulas for discretetime models can be obtained without assuming a claim severity distribution and are readi...

This paper is concerned with the quantum properties of the binomial model (or, the CRR-model). We show that the single-step binomial model is incomplete in the quantum setting. All risk-neutral states of the single-step binomial model in the quantum setting are characterized. Moreover, it is shown that all single-step models are incomplete in the quantum setting. Therefore, incompleteness is ba...

The paper investigates a discrete time Binomial risk model with different types of polices and shock events may influence some the claim sizes. It is shown that this can be considered as particular case classical compound model. As far we work parallel counting processes in infinite time, if consider them independent, probability event they to have at least once simultaneous jumps would equal o...

We applaud Drs. Spiegelman and Hertzmark’s idea of using SAS procedure PROC GENMOD to estimate the risk ratio or difference (1). However, we have reservations about 1) the claim that there is no good justification for fitting the logistic regression and estimating the odds ratio when the odds ratio is not a good approximation of the risk ratio, and 2) using Poisson regression (PROC GENMOD) to e...

background: several effects of volatile organic compounds (vocs) have been recognized such as toxic and carcinogenic human health effects. to evaluate cancer risk of benzenes air samples were taken, at an automobile manufacturing painters in tehran following inhalation exposure. methods: to perform this study, cross-sectional was done in 2016. sampling was carried out by active pump sampler usi...