conclusions ultrasound is recommended as the first choice when fb is located within the superficial soft tissues with no bone around it. in case of penetration of fb into deeper tissues or beneath bone, ct or cbct are recommended. otherwise, considering lower dose, cbct is preferred over ct. we can use mri if the fb is not ferromagnetic. however, ct is the first choice in emergency situations b...

Introduction: To investigate the effects of breathing cycle and tree diaphragm motions on prostate cancer tumors standard uptake value (SUV) during positron emission tomography (PET) and to correct it. Materials and methods: Respiratory motion traces were simulated on the common patient breathing cycle and tree diaphragm motio...

INTRODUCTION The increasing use of cone-beam computed tomography in orthodontics has been coupled with heightened concern about the long-term risks of x-ray exposure in orthodontic populations. An industry response to this has been to offer low-exposure alternative scanning options in newer cone-beam computed tomography models. METHODS Effective doses resulting from various combinations of fi...

BACKGROUND Several dedicated computed tomography (CT) colonography phantoms have been described previously. OBJECTIVES To compare their pros and cons and describe the construction of a dedicated phantom that can be easily manufactured. MATERIALS AND METHODS We found 15 different phantom designs by literature search and compared their advantages and disadvantages based on their description a...

Ingestion of a foreign body is common among children. However, ingestion of foam earplugs (FEPs) has not been reported previously. A 7-month-old female infant presented with small bowel obstruction, which was finally proved to be a case of FEP ingestion.Computed tomography (CT) phantom study was performed to examine the imaging features of FEPs. We studied the following dry and fully wet FEPs, ...

The authors characterized a commercially available foam composed of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate which is marketed for modeling parts in the aircraft, automotive, and related industries. The authors found that the foam may be suitable for use as a density reference standard in the range below -400 Hounsfield units. This range is coincident with the density of lung tissue. The foam may be h...

To detect the growth in lesions, it is necessary to ensure that the apparent changes in size are above the noise floor of the system. By introducing a fiducial reference, it may be possible to detect smaller changes in lesion size more reliably. We suspend three precision spheres with a precision structure built from pieces from a popular children's building toy. We measure the distances betwee...

There is a broad push in the cancer imaging community to eventually replace linear tumor measurements with three-dimensional evaluation of tumor volume. To evaluate the potential accuracy of volume measurement in tumors by CT, a gelatin phantom consisting of 55 polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spheres spanning diameters from 1.6 mm to 25.4 mm was fabricated and scanned using thin slice (0.625 mm) ...

PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to evaluate the radiation dose of the Kodak 9000 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) device for different anatomical areas using a pediatric phantom. METHODS Absorbed doses resulting from maxillary and mandibular region three by five cm CBCT volumes of an anthropomorphic 10-year-old child phantom were acquired using optical stimulated dosimetry. Equivalen...