Flanged shear walls are used extensively in moderate- and high-rise buildings to resist lateral loads induced by earthquakes. The seismic performance of many buildings is, therefore, closely linked to the behavior of the reinforced concrete walls. They must be carefully designed to provide not only adequate strength, but also sufficient ductility to avoid brittle failure under strong lateral lo...

This paper reports on the application of a simulated annealing algorithm to the minimum cost design of reinforced concrete retaining structures. Cantilever retaining walls are investigated, being representative of reinforced concrete retaining structures that are required to resist a combination of earth and hydrostatic loading. To solve such a constrained optimisation problem, a modified simul...

The design of retaining walls depends on the magnitude of active pressure exerted from the backfill. Therefore, estimating the scale of this pressure is a fundamental factor in the design. In this study, to assess the active earth pressure, a rigid retaining wall was built capable of translating and/or rotating with adjustable speed. Further, several physical tests were conducte...

The present study compared the performance of soldier pile and concrete bearing pad anchored wall facings. Using Abaqus finite element software, two case studies have been precisely represented for the facing designs and effects of the parameters of soil type, spacing of anchors and facings, surcharge and facing sizes were investigated. The analysis results indicate that the soldier pile method...

Abstract The highway section on the D3 Hričovské Podhradie – Žilina Strážov was carried out left branch of body overpass and right embankment body. stability ensured by a geosynthetics reinforced retaining wall. wall assembled from concrete prefabs, which uniaxial geogrids were attached. article presents numerical analysis deformations this structure in profile monitored geotechnical monitoring...

abstract the prediction of active earth pressures is essential to the design of retaining walls in case of reinforced and unreinforced soils. in this study, a new analytical method is presented to determine the coefficient of earth pressure. the horizontal slice method is used to compute the active earth pressure behind a rigid retaining wall in consideration of the granular soils. to verify th...

In this paper, the problem of a retaining wall under active translation mode is investigated numerically. To this end, a series of numerical models is conducted using the discrete element code, PFC2D. The backfill soil is simulated by an assembly of separate cohesionless circular particles. Backfill soil was prepared by pouring soil particles from a specific height under gravity force and givin...

in this study, stability of geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining walls investigated using plaxis code that is based on finite element method. the effects of axial stiffness, length and vertical space between geosynthetic layers, internal friction angle of soil wall and cohesion of foundation on deformations of wall and maximum axial force of geosynthetic have been investigated. results of ana...

in spite of the fact that cementitious and concrete materials are mainly used on a large scale and inhuge quantities for roads, dams, bridges and building constructions, the mechanical behavior of thesematerials depends to a great extend on structural elements and phenomena which are effective on amicro and nanoscale. although this is well known by researchers, material producers and engineersf...