We consider two models of random cones together with their duals. Let Y 1 , ⋯ n $Y_1,\dots ,Y_n$ be independent and identically distributed vectors in R d $\mathbb {R}^d$ whose distribution satisfies some mild condition. The G A $G_{n,d}^A$ B $G_{n,d}^B$ are defined as the positive hulls pos { − 2 } $\mbox{pos}\lbrace Y_1-Y_2,\dots ,Y_{n-1}-Y_n\rbrace$ respectively, ,Y_{n-1}-Y_n,Y_n\rbrace$ con...

We investigated the physical and burning characteristics of sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Douglas) cones and their contribution to woody surface fuel loadings. Field sampling was conducted at the Yosemite Forest Dynamics Plot (YFDP), a 25.6 ha mapped study plot in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. We developed a classification system to describe sugar pine cones of different sizes and de...

Under constant light-adapted conditions, vision seems to be rather linear. However, the processes underlying the synaptic transmission between cones and second-order neurons (bipolar cells and horizontal cells) are highly nonlinear. In this paper, the gain-characteristics of the transmission from cones to horizontal cells and from horizontal cells to cones are determined with and without negati...

In this paper we give a geometric characterization of the cones of toric varieties that are complete intersections. In particular, we prove that the class of complete intersection cones is the smallest class of cones which is closed under direct sum and contains all simplex cones. Further, we show that the number of the extreme rays of such a cone, which is less than or equal to 2n − 2, is exac...

PURPOSE To determine the visual pigment content of the rods and cones of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) and to quantify the level of coexpression of pigments within individual cones. METHODS Microspectrophotometry was used to measure the absorbance spectrum of visual pigments in individual rods and cones from three retinal regions: dorsal, ventral, and a subequatorial transition zone. Parti...

Spectral sensitivities of photoreceptors in the turtle (Geoclemys) retina were studied by intracellular recording, and each cell was filled with Lucifer yellow (LY). Photoreceptors were classified into seven morphological types: rod, four types of single cones, and two members of a double cone. Single cones contained one of four different oil droplets: red, pale-green, orange, and clear. Double...

We explicitly calculate characteristic functions of cones of generalized polynomials corresponding to Chebyshev systems on intervals of the real line and the circle. Thus, in principle, we calculate homogeneous self-concordant barriers for this class of cones. This class includes almost all "cones of squares" considered in 5]. Our construction, however, does not use this structure and is applic...

We show that closed convex cones, having bounded order intervals (in particular weakly complete proper convex cones) in conuclear spaces, are generated by their extreme rays. An analogue of Choquet's theorem is obtained for these cones, as well as for the conuclear cones deened in this article. Well-capped cones are conuclear. The main tool is Choquet's notion of conical measure, of which we pr...