Abstract The participatory affordances of digital media allow a broad spectrum new forms participation in conflicts that go beyond the information domain (Boichak Battlefront volunteers: mapping and deconstructing civilian resilience networks Ukraine. #SMSociety’17, July 28–30, 2017). This article explores factors shape digitally mediated warfare. It highlights association between narratives st...

Over the past several decades, advances in technology have transformed communications and the ability to acquire, disseminate, and utilize information in a range of environments. Modern societies and their respective militaries have taken advantage of a robust information space through networkcentric systems. Because military and commercial operations have increasingly converged, communication ...

Gangs have played a significant role in Chicago’s social and political history, and continue to impact the city today, as gang violence rates continue to grow despite drops in overall crime[13]. In this paper, we explore the dynamics of gang involvement between at-risk individuals, gang members, and reformed (temporarily removed) gang members. We focus on the effect that reformed gang members h...

Social preferences-such as altruism, aversion to inequality and strong reciprocity-are critical for the maintenance of cooperation 1-3. Although pro-social individuals make their groups do better as a whole, they are vulnerable to exploitation by selfish free-riders. Wars between groups have been hypothesized as an important catalyst of human pro-sociality since Darwin 4. Recent theories 5 have...

OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of gang involvement, the risk and protective factors associated with gang involvement, and the association between gang involvement and exposure to multiple risk and protective factors among school-aged youth in Trinidad and Tobago. METHODS A survey instrument was administered to 2 206 students enrolled in 22 high-risk, urban public schools, from March-Jun...

Western governmental responses to the various political crises which erupted in the Balkans after 1989 have been remarkably uniform. There is a widespread feeling among govemmentalleaders and their policy advisers that western Europe ought to insulate itself from the various inter-state and internal conflicts which have periodically flared up in the region. No core western interests appear to b...

BACKGROUND Gang violence accounted for 20% of homicides in large cities from 2002 to 2006. Preventing gang affiliation (ie, youth who either desire or have gang membership) might reduce subsequent gang activity. Previous research has focused on identifying risk factors for gang affiliation; however, little information is available on protective factors. AIM To identify risk and protective fac...

Distilling lessons from the author’s book, The Media Offensive: How Press and Public Opinion Shaped Allied Strategy during World War II, this article provides applicable suggestions for US military today. As in press is both a weapon possible vulnerability modern warfare. Consequently, offers practical how can be used by public affairs officers, commanders, policymakers to achieve victory comin...

The United States armed forces could be considered the world's most powerful military force. However, in modern conflicts, techniques of asymmetric warfare (terrorism) wreak havoc on the inflexible, regardless of technological or numerical advantage. In order to be more effective, the US military must improve its counter-terrorism (CT) capabilities and flexibility. In this light, the authors mo...

This study analyses the relationship between war and population. The impact of the growth and decline of population on important types of warfare--great power, small power, civil war as well as terrorism--is illustrated, with the objective in each case to be descriptive of risk. I find that population change has a significant impact on each, with the greatest causal impact on small power confli...