esl/efl books play a crucial role in shaping language learners worldview of gender roles in society. the present study investigated the status of sexism in two sets of efl textbooks, one developed by non-native iranian authors (ili series) and the other by native authors (top notch series). first, two books from each series was selected randomly. then, a quantitative analysis was carried out wi...

Many factors influence the fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake. Numerous studies have shown the role of economic variables such as income, wealth, and employment as the main factors in the consumption of fruit and vegetables, while social variables seem also important. In this study, various aspects of economic and social factors affecting the consumption of fruits and vegetables among Iranian hou...

this study examined the effects of collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion on iranian high school students persuasive writing and attitudes. students in three intact classes were assigned to one of three treatment conditions: collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion or direct instruction in persuasion or a control group. treatment effects...

Up to three decades ago, economic statistics could systematically meet the statistical needs and economic views quantitative analyses requirements (known as growth – centered views) in the framework of national accounts and input-output tables. However, owing to the insensitivity of these views to simultaneous survey of socio-economic issues, no attention has been paid to systematizing social s...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between teachers’ immediacy behaviors and iranian students’ willingness to talk in english classes. analysis of the results from willingness to talk scale represents a relatively high level of willingness to talk in english classrooms among iranian language learners. the total mean score of students’ willingness to talk was 66.3 ou...

the skill of reading in english as a foreign language is an important and challenging one which is affected both by linguistic and extra linguistic factors. since vocabularies are part and parcel of every reading comprehension text, knowing enough vocabulary always facilitates this process. however, guessing strategy as one of the most important strategies has consistently ignored by language l...