INTRODUCTION Crystallization of actives in skin following topical application was suggested by studies in the 1950s and 1960s but is poorly understood. In contrast, the problem of crystallization of actives on skin and in transdermal formulations has been known for many years. AREAS COVERED With respect to crystallization in skin, this review describes early reports of a skin 'reservoir' and ...

Surfaces with controllable topography and chemistry were prepared to act as substrates for protein crystallization, in order to investigate the influence of these surface properties on the protein crystallization outcome. Three different methods were investigated to deposit 1,3,5-tris(10-carboxydecyloxy)benzene (TCDB) on a muscovite mica substrate to find the best route for controlled topograph...

Chocolates consist of a suspension of fine cocoa solids and sugar particles dispersed in a continuous lipid phase in a process assisted by emulsifiers, usually a combination of lecithin and PGPR. In the conventional process, the tempering is a pre-crystallization step in which the melted mass is cooled at a controlled rate of temperature decay under continuous shearing action in order to organi...

Efficient control of crystallization and crystal properties still represents a bottleneck in the manufacturing of crystalline materials ranging from pigments to semiconductor particles. In the case of pharmaceutical drug manufacture, current methods for controlling critical crystal properties such as size and morphology that dictates the product’s efficacy are inefficient and often lead to the ...

A new technique-crystallization in asymmetric microwells-generates arrays of small crystals with controlled size, orientation, and arrangement in space. These arrays of crystals can be generated in a form completely encapsulated in polymer.

objective(s) ibuprofen is a problematic drug in tableting, and dissolution due to its poor solubility, hydrophobicity, and tendency to stick to surface. because of the bad compaction behavior ibuprofen has to be granulated usually before tableting. however, it would be more satisfactory to obtain directly during the crystallization step crystalline particles that can be directly compressed and ...

In order to accelerate the crystallization of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) biopolymer and enhance its crystallizability, biocompatible and environmentally friendly tungsten disulphide inorganic nanotubes (INT-WS2) were introduced into the polymer matrix. The non-isothermal cold-crystallization and subsequent melting behaviour of pure PLLA and PLLA/INT-WS2 nanocomposites were investigated in detai...