This paper discusses the importance of confounding in observational before-and-after studies of road safety measures. The importance of the approach taken to controlling for confounding factors is shown by means of examples. It is shown that the size of the effect on accidents attributed to a road safety measure can be profoundly affected by which confounding factors are controlled for in an ev...

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many countries worldwide to take restrictive measures from securing borders and minimising movement, cancelling public gatherings, controlling citizens’ e...

Early preparedness, contact tracing, isolation and testing, coupled with timely border closure, physical distancing community adherence, have been key measures in controlling COVID-19 Vietnam.

Psychosocial resources may serve as an important link to explain socioeconomic differences in health. Earlier studies have demonstrated that education, income and occupational status cannot be used interchangeably as indicators of a hypothetical latent social dimension. In the same manner, it is important to disentangle the effect of measuring different constructs of psychosocial resources. The...

OBJECTIVE To explore whether coping strategy use predicted levels of adjustment in chronic low back pain after controlling for the influence of catastrophic thinking and self-efficacy for pain control. METHODS Eighty-four patients with chronic low back pain completed the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, a pain VAS and the Roland Disability Questionnaire. To derive composite measures of coping...

In this paper we investigate the effects of broadband infrastructure providing high speed internet, on economic growth in developing countries. We have used two different broadband measures to classify developing countries into two groups for the period 1999-2008. By using logistic diffusion model and IV approach, a nonlinear diffusion model is specified. Differences in ceiling of diffusion cur...

COVID-19 has now turned into a global crisis affecting all sections of economy and investment. Many interventions have been applied to control the COVID-19 epidemic. It seems that these measures and plans need to be assessed in the coming weeks and months to determine whether or not they have been effective. Each of these interventions started in their appropriate time during the epidemic; some...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between emotional intelligence (EI) and emotional eating. The authors hypothesized that EI will negatively associate with emotional eating. METHODS A correlational study, conducted in a convenience sample. The researchers personally approached working adults in their workplaces. Ninety Israelis, selected to approximate the general working population, fille...