Petroleum reservoir engineering requires solutions to the transient diffusion and convection-diffusion equations. Traditionally these calculations are carried out using finite difference methods. Prior workers have used perturbation-based boundary element methods for single phase flow in heterogeneous media. The current work applies the Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Method (DRBEM) and the G...

A "most probable state" equilibrium statistical theory for random distributions of hetons in a closed basin is developed here in the context of two-layer quasigeostrophic models for the spreading phase of open-ocean convection. The theory depends only on bulk conserved quantities such as energy, circulation, and the range of values of potential vorticity in each layer. The simplest theory is fo...

We now know that substorm onset occurs within the near-Earth plasma sheet in the region associated with the Harang electric field reversal. It is also known that substorm onset is generally associated with a reduction in the large-scale convection driven by the solar wind, and that this reduction is imparted to the ionosphere a few minutes prior to substorm onset. This is the same time relative...

A review of recent studies on a new mechanism of generation of large-scale magnetic field in a sheared turbulent plasma is presented. This mechanism is associated with the shear-current effect which is related to the W×J-term in the mean electromotive force. This effect causes the generation of the large-scale magnetic field even in a nonrotating and nonhelical homogeneous sheared turbulent con...

[1] We study ring current evolution during the 10 January 1997 geomagnetic storm, comparing results from two inner magnetospheric convection electric field models: (1) the Kp-dependent Volland-Stern (V-S) model and (2) the high spatial and temporal resolution assimilative mapping of ionospheric electrodynamics (AMIE) model, coupled with our global ring current model. We have added a penetration...

Anomalous reversals of the zonal equatorial electric field component have sometimes been observed when the interplanetary magnetic field turns northward from a steady southerly direction. We suggest that this reversal is associated with a sudden change in the convection electric field in the magnetosphere and present measurements to support this explanation. Although slower variations in the co...

We review the current state of modeling convective mixing in AGB stars. The focus is on results obtained through multi-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of AGB convection, both in the envelope and the unstable He-shell. Using two different codes and a wide range of resolutions and modeling assumptions we find that mixing across convective boundaries is significant for He-shell flash convecti...