Acute severe bronchospasm is an emergency situation and sometimes these children may fail to respond to conventional treatment and deteriorate rapidly to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. We present a case of 2-year-old girl, who presented with severe bronchospasm resulting in respiratory failure not responding to conventional management including mechanical ventilation and ...

Management of acute lung injury (ALI) and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is largely supportive, with the use of mechanical ventilation being a central feature. Recent advances in the understanding of ALI/ARDS and mechanical ventilation have revealed that lung-protective ventilation strategies may attenuate ventilator-associated lung injury and improve patient morbidity/mortality...

Normocapnia is recommended in intensive care management of patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. While normocapnia is usually achievable, it may be therapeutically challenging, particularly in patients with airflow obstruction. Conventional mechanical ventilation may not be adequate to provide optimal ventilation in such patients. One of the recent advances in critical care management ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in the emergency department (ED) will reduce the need for tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. DESIGN Randomized, controlled, prospective clinical trial. SETTING ED of Barnes-Jewish Hospital, a university-affiliated teaching hospital. PATIENTS Twenty-seven patients meeting a predetermined...

High survival rate in 122 ARDS patients managed according to a clinical algorithm including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. beneficial effects of the 'Open Lung Approach' with low distending pressures in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Effect of protective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. 6 The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network. V...

BACKGROUND Respiratory failure is a major problem in neonatal medicine in all over the world and has different causes. Using mechanical ventilation is one of its major treatments. OBJECTIVES Different strategies have been expressed in this context, including high frequency mechanical ventilation. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial conducted on all new...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with lung oedema of non cardiac origin. Its primary treatment is mechanical ventilation. ARDS is under the spotlights with influenza A pandemic flu. An operating definition has been set out by an experts-consensus conference in order to include patients in clinical trials. However, this definition lacks diagnos...

INTRODUCTION Manual (bag) ventilation sometimes achieves better oxygenation than does a mechanical ventilator. We speculated that clinicians might generate very high airway pressure during manual ventilation (much higher than the pressure delivered by a mechanical ventilator), and that the high airway pressure causes alveolar recruitment and thus improves oxygenation. Such high pressure might i...