a Department of Geography, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, NY 10065, United States b Department of Geography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States c Sigma Space Corporation, Lanham, MD 20706, United States d Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Research Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Unit...

There has been a decrease in grazing mobility in the Mongolian grasslands over the past decades. Sedentary grazing with substantial external inputs has increased the cost of livestock production. As a result, the livelihoods of herders have become more vulnerable to climate variability and change. Sedentary grazing is the formal institutional arrangement in Inner Mongolia, China. However, this ...

Significant recent attention, in both research and policy realms, has been given to the intersection of international trade and global climate change. Trade presents challenges to climate policy through carbon leakage and competitiveness concerns, but also potential solutions through the use of cooperative trade agreements, technology transfer, or carbon tariffs against recalcitrant nations. Th...

The process towards an establishment of international environmental agreements as the implementation of the Kyoto protocol comprises enormous effort of international negotiation and bargaining policies and strategies. International cooperative negotiation solutions can be reached if all negotiation partner and player expect improved results in comparison to a non cooperative approach and indepe...

This paper discusses a three-year experiment to build a distributed research group, equipped with state-of-the-art computing facilities, spread over three cities in Australia. Despite the provision of the sorts of facilities to be expected in cooperative buildings, such as high-speed networks and videoconferencing, significant synergy (i.e., closely-coupled collaborations) among the distributed...

This paper discusses a three-year experiment to build a distributed research group, equipped with state-of-the-art computing facilities, spread over three cities in Australia. Despite the provision of the sorts of facilities to be expected in cooperative buildings, such as high-speed networks and videoconferencing, significant synergy (i.e., closely-coupled collaborations) among the distributed...

Based on a sample of 480 academically at-risk first graders, we used a cluster analysis involving multimethod assessment (i.e., teacher-report, peer-evaluation, and self-report) of behavioral and psychological engagement to identify subtypes of academic engagement. Four theoretically and practically meaningful clusters were identified and labeled as cooperative (n = 95), resistive (n =96), enth...

This paper analyzes the results of the climate-energy-economy model, REMIND, to assess the regional costs of climate-change mitigation for reaching the 2 ̊C target with a medium to high likelihood. We assume that the global climate regime remains fragmented until 2020 after which a global mitigation target is adopted. We decompose the regional mitigation costs into (a) domestic and energy trade ...