Numerous studies have examined the switching properties of semi- or ion-conductors and isolators; however, most of these have focused on the ohmic resistance characteristics. Here, we report a new type of polarity-dependent switching phenomenon obtained for electrical devices with the configuration: metal working electrode│Si0.97Al0.03H0.03P2O7-polytetrafluoroethylene composite electrolyte│Pt/C...

Flexible Dye-sensitized solar cells were assembled using flexible transparent electrodes as substrates, nanocrystalline TiO2, an electrolyte based on I3/I, dye molecules and a counter electrode. In this study has been employed natural pomegranate juice for sensitization of nanocrystalline TiO2 and gold layer as counter electrode was prepared by sputtering method on conducting substrates polymer...

the reactions of interest occur at the surface of the working electrode. Therefore, we are interested in controlling the potential drop across the interface between the surface of the working electrode and the solution (i.e., the interfacial potential). However, it is impossible to control or measure this interfacial potential without placing another electrode in the solution. Thus, two interfa...

An organic thiolate/disulfide redox couple with low absorption in the visible region was developed for use in fabricating novel dye-sensitized photovoltaic wires with an aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber as the counter electrode. These flexible wire devices achieved a maximal energy conversion efficiency of 7.33%, much higher than the value of 5.97% for the conventional I(-)/I3(-) redox coupl...

Conclusion It has been demonstrated that the electrochemical detection of iodine in the presence of excess iodide can be reliable and sensitive, when the appropriate solution environment is used with the appropriate working and counter electrodes. While, certain electrode systems have a very low detection limit for iodine, they can suffer poor reproducibility due to absorption onto or possibly ...

In this work a new and simple two electrode amperometric sensor for NO2 detection is described. The sensor consists of a Nafion® proton exchange membrane (PEM), a Graphite working electrode, and a NiO counter electrode. The developed sensor presents a good sensitivity to NO2 and very small cross sensitivity to CO and O2. A dedicated measurement system was developed, and a measurement protocol w...

A portable vacuum interface allowing direct probing of the electrode-electrolyte interface was developed. A classical electrochemical system consisting of a gold working electrode, platinum counter electrode, platinum reference electrode, and potassium iodide electrolyte was used to demonstrate real-time observation of the gold iodide adlayer on the electrode and chemical species as a result of...

An electrochemical aptasensor for detection of trace amounts of aflatoxin M1 was developed. This required immobilization of aptamer on screen printed gold electrode comprising of working electrode, counter electrode and reference electrode and was achieved by sequentially layering dithiodipropionic acid, streptavidin and biotinylated-tetraethylene glycol-aptamer. Immobilization of aptamer was m...

The meaning and significance of uncompensated resistance are carefully explained. Many factors influence the uncompensated resistance and several of these are explored in this article, using idealized models of an electrochemical cell. Among the factors whose roles have been elucidated are the shape and size of the cell, the location of the reference electrode, the shape of the working electrod...