A review of the literature dealing with distraction osteogenesis (DO) of the craniofacial skeleton, provided by a PUBMED search (National Library of Medicine, NCBI; revised 3 April 2000) from 1966 to December 1999 was conducted. Key words used in the search were distraction, lengthening, mandible, mandibular, maxilla, maxillary, midface, midfacial, monobloc, cranial, craniofacial and maxillofac...

Thalassemia is a group of inherited diseases with a defect in the synthesis of hemoglobin. Severe thalassemic subjects suffer from craniofacial deformities and malocclusion due to bone marrow hyperplasia compensating for ineffective erythropoiesis. Blood transfusions are used to maintain life and reduce complications. The transfusions may have benefits in reducing craniofacial and dentition abn...

Paediatric craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgery requires a multidisciplinary team approach to ensure the optimal and holistic management of children with craniofacial deformities. The aim this retrospective study was analyse complications following functional interventions among 34 CMF deformity patients in single centre. Electronic data including patient demographic characteristics clinical entry...

PURPOSE To develop an experimental surgical model in rats for the study of craniofacial abnormalities. METHODS Full thickness calvarial defects with 10x10-mm and 5x8-mm dimensions were created in 40 male NIS Wistar rats, body weight ranging from 320 to 420 g. The animals were equally divided into two groups. The periosteum was removed and dura mater was left intact. Animals were killed at 8 a...

The function of a genioplasty is to produce an aesthetically pleasing chin contour and improve facial proportions. The aim of this study was to review the role of osseous genioplasty in the management of patients with craniofacial deformities. 52 patients (24 males and 28 females) treated at the Australian Craniofacial Unit in Adelaide, Australia over a 25-year period; who required a genioplast...

Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare inherited form of distal arthrogryposis characterized by craniofacial deformities, camptodactyly with ulnar deviation of the fingers, and talipes equinovarus. Less than hundred cases have been reported till 2010 [1-3]. Multiple surgical interventions are needed to provide an acceptable quality of life. Anesthetic complications occur commonly [4, 5]. We p...

The skull of a human being, comprising two parts: the cranium and the maxillofacial bone, is a bony structure in the head that forms a cavity for the brain and supports the structures of the face. The functions of the skull include protection of the brain, fixing the position of the eyeballs and ears, compositing the oral cavity and airway. Bone deformities in the craniofacial area, including a...

The specialty of craniofacial surgery is broad and includes trauma, esthetics, reconstruction of congenital deformities, and regeneration of tissues. Moreover, craniofacial surgery deals with a diverse range of tissues including both „soft‟ and „hard‟ tissues. Technological advances in materials and biological sciences and improved surgical techniques have remarkably improved clinical outcomes....

Craniosynostosis is defined as the premature closure of the cranial sutures resulting in characteristic skull deformities. It is a rather frequent craniofacial malformation estimated to affect 1 in 2500 newborns [1]. There is a great variability in both phenotype and the underlying causes. Premature synostosis of the cranial sutures can occur either isolated (non-syndromic) or as part of a Eva-...

Background: Cleft deformities (lip and palate) have been reported to be the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly in several settings. In Uganda, though two previous studies were conducted to determine the incidence of cleft lip and palate, the estimates obtained from those studies may not be precise given the study settings. This study was undertaken to establish the incidence of cleft d...