defining the scope of criminal law and legitimated level ofintervention through criminal law over the rights and freedom ofcitizens as the most serious kind of such intervention, is a complicatedand difficult matter. the principle of criminal law as the last and theleast resort as a basic principle of this knowledge, technique andinstrument of social control, as emphasizes upon the destructiver...

positivism is an empirical approach for understanding of human communication and phenomena, which raised firstly french famous thinker “august comte”. human and social sciences were under domination of positive thought for a long time. in criminal law inter alia italian famous thinkers sought to analyses the crime problem with a positive approach. however, some of their point of view such as bo...

Different nations’ tendency to expand their judicial and legislative territory outside their ruling kingdom has caused conflicts in the criminal qualification and the coming into existence of legal bad effects. Among these bad effects is the double or additional punishment of someone who has been tried and received their penalty in another country before, which is at odds with the principles of...

Behavioural analysis of criminal law exploits social science methodologies (behavioural economics, psychology and even sociology) to explore the effects of criminal law norms on criminals, judges, juries and other decision-makers, to determine the optimal type and size of criminal sanctions, to identify the optimal design of the enforcement system and the rules of evidence. Behavioural analysis...

Background: The relationship between ethics and politics is a subject that is closely related to the philosophy of politics on the one hand and sociology on the other. But it is very difficult to put the two together because politics belongs to the realm of power and domination, and the politician does not involve himself too much in moral concepts that are cumbersome for his purposes in order ...

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information technology development has deeply affected all aspects of social, economic, cultural, life including criminal law. this development has forced lawyers and policy makers of these areas to reflect deeply. differences between traditional and cyber crimes are such that long standing conventional criminal policy can no longer tackle them. transnationality, easiness of occurrence, anonymi...